Shloka 47

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

Devanagari script

गुणक्षयत्वात्‌ प्रकृति: कर्तृत्वादक्षयं बुधा: । एषा ते<<न्वीक्षिकी विद्या चतुर्थी साम्परायिकी

Transliteration

guṇakṣayatvāt prakṛtiḥ kartṛtvād akṣayaṃ budhāḥ | eṣā te ’nvīkṣikī vidyā caturthī sāmparāyikī ||

Translation

«ဂုဏ်များ (ဂုဏ) သည် လျော့ပါး၍ ပျက်ကွယ်နိုင်သောကြောင့် မူလသဘာဝ ပရကృతိကို ပျက်စီးနိုင်သောအရာဟု ယူဆကြသည်။ သို့သော် ပုရုရှသည် လှုံ့ဆော်သူ၊ အတွင်းက အကျိုးဆောင်အဖြစ် ကర్తာ ဖြစ်သောကြောင့် ပညာရှိတို့က မပျက်မယွင်းဟု ကြေညာကြသည်။ အို ဂန္ဓဗ္ဗတို့၏ ဘုရင်ရေ၊ ဤသည်ကား ငါ သင်အား သင်ကြားပေးသော စုံစမ်းမေးမြန်းခြင်း၏ ပညာ (အာန်ဝီක්ෂိကီ) စတုတ္ထမြောက် သင်တန်းဖြစ်၏—အမြင့်ဆုံးအဆုံးသတ်နှင့် ဆက်နွယ်၍ မောက္ခကို ထောက်ပံ့သော ဗဟုသုတတည်း»

Word by Word

• {'guṇa': 'constituent quality of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas)

• a binding modality', 'kṣaya': 'decay, diminution, dissolution', 'guṇakṣayatva': 'the state of being subject to the decay of the guṇas', 'prakṛti': 'primordial nature

• the field of changing qualities', 'kartṛtva': 'agency

• being the doer/instigator (in the sense of inner prompting)', 'akṣaya': 'imperishable

• not subject to decay', 'budha': 'the wise

• the discerning', 'ānvīkṣikī vidyā': 'the discipline of rational inquiry/metaphysical investigation', 'caturthī': 'the fourth (in a set of teachings/disciplines)', 'sāmparāyikī': 'pertaining to the hereafter/supreme end

Speaker

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yājñavalkya
• Gandharvarāja (King of the Gandharvas)
• prakṛti
• puruṣa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse distinguishes prakṛti and puruṣa: prakṛti is perishable because it is constituted by guṇas that undergo change and dissolution, while puruṣa is imperishable as the inner principle associated with agency/instigation. This discrimination is presented as ānvīkṣikī—philosophical inquiry—aimed at the highest good (mokṣa).

What is happening in the narrative?

Yājñavalkya addresses the Gandharva king and concludes a segment of instruction by presenting a doctrinal summary: he has taught a ‘fourth’ ānvīkṣikī vidyā, characterized as sāmparāyikī—knowledge oriented toward the ultimate end and liberation.