Shloka 12

Adhyāya 262: Śabda-brahman, Para-brahman, and the Ethics of Tyāga

Kapila–Syūmaraśmi Saṃvāda

Devanagari script

तस्मात्‌ सुनिषछिता: पूर्वे सर्वान्‌ कामांश्व लेभिरे

Transliteration

tasmāt suniśchitāḥ pūrve sarvān kāmāṁś ca lebhire

Translation

ထို့ကြောင့် ရှေးခေတ်မှ အကြီးအကဲတို့သည် ဆုံးဖြတ်ချက်ခိုင်မာ၍ အမြင်အာရုံရှင်းလင်းသဖြင့် လိုလားသမျှ အကျိုးအမြတ်တို့ကို အကုန်လုံး ရရှိခဲ့ကြသည်။

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that (cause)
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, ablative, singular

• सुनिश्चिताः: well-determined, firmly resolved
• सुनिश्चिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुनिश्चित
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• पूर्वे: the ancients/earlier ones
• पूर्वे: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्व
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• कामान्: desires, wished-for objects
• कामान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• लेभिरे: obtained, attained
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ्
• Form: perfect (liṭ), third, plural, ātmanepada

Speaker

चुलाधार उवाच

Characters & Entities

• चुलाधार (Cūlādhāra)
• पूर्वे (the ancients/elders)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Steady, well-considered resolve (suniścaya) aligned with dharma is presented as the means by which the wise of old successfully attained their legitimate aims; clarity and firmness of judgment lead to fulfillment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Cūlādhāra draws an inference from the preceding discussion: citing the example of the ancients, he concludes that those who were firmly settled in understanding and conduct were able to obtain all they sought.