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Shloka 2

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

तदेव विस्तरेणोक्तं पूर्वदृष्टं सतां मतम्‌ प्रणेयं राजधर्माणां प्रब्रूहि भरतर्षभ

tad eva vistareṇoktaṃ pūrvadṛṣṭaṃ satāṃ matam | praṇeyaṃ rājadharmāṇāṃ prabrūhi bharatarṣabha ||

ယုဓိဋ္ဌိရက ပြောသည်– «အို ဘာရတမျိုး၏ နွားထီးတော်မြတ်၊ ရှေးဘိုးဘွားတို့က ကျင့်သုံးခဲ့ပြီး ပညာရှိတို့ကလည်း ချီးမွမ်းအတည်ပြုသော မင်းဓမ္မတို့ကို သင်သည် အကျယ်တဝင့် ရှင်းလင်းပြီးသားဖြစ်သည်။ ယခု ထိုဓမ္မတရားတို့ကို လက်တွေ့ကျကျ လိုက်နာနိုင်အောင် အကျဉ်းချုပ်၍ ပြန်လည်ဟောကြားပါ၊ ထို့ကြောင့် ပိုမိုတိကျထိရောက်စွာ လိုက်နာနိုင်စေရန်»။

तत्that (same thing)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विस्तरेणin detail/with elaboration
विस्तरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उक्तम्said/declared
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त, Passive (PPP), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
पूर्वदृष्टम्seen/observed earlier; traditional
पूर्वदृष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्वदृष्ट
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सताम्of the good/virtuous
सताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मतम्opinion/view
मतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रणेयम्to be led/propounded; to be set forth
प्रणेयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-नी
Formयत् (gerundive), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
राजधर्माणाम्of the duties of kings (royal duties)
राजधर्माणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रब्रूहिtell/declare
प्रब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ब्रू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bharatarṣabha (honorific addressee, typically Bhīṣma in this context)
B
Bharatas (dynastic lineage)

Educational Q&A

Royal dharma should be both authoritative (grounded in ancient precedent and the approval of the wise) and practicable; therefore, detailed doctrine must be distilled into a concise form that can be implemented effectively.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on governance, Yudhiṣṭhira requests the teacher (addressed as “Bharatarṣabha”) to restate the already-elaborated kingly duties in a brief, actionable summary for easier observance.