Shloka 51

Devanagari script

यदि क्षत्रबन्धूनां स्वधर्ममनुपश्यताम्‌

Transliteration

yadi kṣatrabandhūnāṃ svadharmam anupaśyatām

Translation

ဒုရ္ယောဓနက ပြောသည်— «က்ஷတ္ရိယတို့၏ ဆွေမျိုးသာဖြစ်ကြသူများက စစ်သူရဲအဆင့်ကို အခိုင်အမာဆိုထားသော်လည်း မိမိတို့၏ ကိုယ်ပိုင်ဓမ္မ (svadharma) ကို မျက်စိမပြတ်စောင့်ကြည့်၍ မတည်ကြည်စွာ မလိုက်နာကြလျှင်…»

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• क्षत्रबन्धूनाम्: of the kṣatriya-kinsmen / of those related to kṣatriyas
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रबन्धु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• स्वधर्मम्: one's own duty
• स्वधर्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधर्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अनुपश्यताम्: of those observing/considering (closely)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु√पश्
• Form: Present participle (active), Plural, Masculine, Genitive

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line invokes svadharma—especially the kṣatriya code—suggesting that failing to keep one’s rightful duty in view makes one unfit for the warrior role, even if one bears the name or lineage.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Shalya Parva, Duryodhana is speaking amid the climactic war context, using the language of kṣatriya duty to criticize or challenge those he deems unworthy or wavering in their warrior obligations.