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Shloka 16

Adhyāya 39 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s inquiry on attachment (saṅga) and relational restraint

भूमिरेतो निगिरति सर्पो बिलशयानिव । राजानं चाप्ययोद्धारं ब्राह्मणं चाप्रवासिनम्‌,जैसे साँप बिलमें रहनेवाले छोटे जीवोंको निगल जाता है, उसी प्रकार युद्ध न करनेवाले क्षत्रिय और विद्याके लिये प्रवास न करनेवाले ब्राह्मणको यह पृथ्वी निगल जाती है

bhūmir eto nigirati sarpo bilaśayān iva | rājānaṃ cāpy ayoddhāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ cāpravāsinam ||

ဆိုမက ပြောသည်– «အပေါက်အတွင်းနေသော သတ္တဝါငယ်များကို မြွေက မျိုသကဲ့သို့၊ စစ်မတိုက်သော မင်းနှင့် ပညာရှာရန် ခရီးမထွက်သော ဗြာဟ္မဏကိုလည်း မြေကြီးက ‘မျို’ သည် (ဆိုလိုသည်မှာ ပျက်စီး၍ မထင်ရှားသွားစေသည်)။ အကြောင်းမှာ မိမိ၏ သင့်လျော်သော တာဝန်—ခတ္တရိယအတွက် သတ္တိနှင့် ကာကွယ်မှု၊ ဗြာဟ္မဏအတွက် ခရီးထွက်၍ စည်းကမ်းတကျ သင်ယူခြင်း—ကို လျစ်လျူရှုလျှင် ကျဆင်းပျက်စီးခြင်းသို့ ရောက်သည်»။

भूमिःthe earth
भूमिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एतान्these (persons)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निगिरतिswallows
निगिरति:
TypeVerb
Rootगिर् (गॄ) + नि
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्पःa snake
सर्पः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बिलशयान्hole-dwellers (creatures living in burrows)
बिलशयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबिलशय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
राजानम्a king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अयोद्धारम्one who does not fight (a non-combatant)
अयोद्धारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअयोद्धृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्राह्मणम्a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रवासिनम्one who does not go abroad/does not travel (for study)
अप्रवासिनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रवासिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

सोम उवाच

S
Soma
E
earth (Bhūmi)
S
serpent (Sarpa)
K
king (Rājā)
B
Brahmin (Brāhmaṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches svadharma: a Kshatriya who refuses rightful battle and a Brahmin who refuses the disciplined pursuit of learning (including necessary travel/sojourn for study) both fall into decline. Neglect of one’s ordained responsibilities leads to being ‘consumed’ by worldly consequences.

Soma delivers a moral analogy: just as a snake devours small burrow-dwelling creatures, the earth metaphorically devours those who abandon their social and ethical duties—specifically, the non-fighting king and the non-studying (non-traveling for learning) Brahmin.