Shloka 2

Vānaprastha-Dharma: Forest Discipline, Vows, Seasonal Tapas, and Equanimity

Devanagari script

वानप्रस्थो ब्रह्मचारी साग्निः सोपासनः क्षमी / अफालकृष्टेनाग्नींश्च पितृदेवातिथींस्तथा

Transliteration

vānaprastho brahmacārī sāgniḥ sopāsanaḥ kṣamī / aphālakṛṣṭenāgnīṃśca pitṛdevātithīṃstathā

Translation

ဝါနပရස්ထနှင့် ဗြဟ္မစာရီသည် သန့်ရှင်းသော မီးများကို ထိန်းသိမ်း၍ အုပာသနာ (ဝတ်ပြုခြင်း) တွင် တည်ကြည်ကာ သည်းခံရမည်။ ထွန်ယက်မစိုက်ပျိုးဘဲ ရရှိသော အစာဖြင့် မီးများကို သင့်တော်စွာ ထောက်ပံ့ပြီး၊ ပိတೃ (ဘိုးဘွားဝိညာဉ်) များ၊ ဒေဝ (Devas) များနှင့် ဧည့်သည်တို့ကိုလည်း လေးစားကာ ဧည့်ခံရမည်။

Word by Word

• वानप्रस्थः: a vānaprastha
• वानप्रस्थः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानप्रस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• ब्रह्मचारी: celibate/student-like
• ब्रह्मचारी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मचारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणवत् (as apposition)

• स: with
• स: Sahakari (Accompaniment)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय (with)

• अग्निः: sacred fire
• अग्निः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (समासोत्तरपद)

• साग्निः: with (his) fire
• साग्निः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास (सह अग्निना); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण

• स: with
• स: Sahakari (Accompaniment)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय (with)

• उपासनः: worship/observance
• उपासनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (समासोत्तरपद)

• सोपासनः: with worship/observances
• सोपासनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + उपासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास (सह उपासनेन); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण

• क्षमी: forbearing
• क्षमी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षमिन्/क्षम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण

• अफाल: without a plough
• अफाल: Karana (Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ + फाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; (समासपूर्वपद) विशेषण

• कृष्टेन: cultivated/tilled
• कृष्टेन: Karana (Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन; विशेषण (of produce/means)

• अफालकृष्टेन: by (food) grown without ploughing
• अफालकृष्टेन: Karana (Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अफाल + कृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारयसमास (अफालं कृष्टम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन

• अग्नीन्: fires
• अग्नीन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• पितृ: ancestors
• पितृ: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; (समासपूर्वपद)

• देव: gods
• देव: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; (समासमध्यपद)

• अतिथीन्: guests
• अतिथीन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन (समासोत्तरपद)

• पितृदेवातिथीन्: ancestors, gods, and guests
• पितृदेवातिथीन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ + देव + अतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमास (पितरश्च देवाश्च अतिथयश्च); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (also)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Austerity with continuity: maintain agni and worship while living on non-agricultural, minimally harmful sustenance; uphold pitṛ-deva-atithi obligations.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-yoga in withdrawal: disciplined duties performed with restraint cultivate sattva and readiness for higher pursuit.

Application: Keep sacred fires, perform upāsanā, practice kṣamā; live on forest-gathered/untitled food (aphāla-kṛṣṭa) and regularly honor pitṛs, devas, and guests.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: hermitage/forest dwelling

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.102 (continued vānaprastha conduct)

Characters & Entities

• Agni
• Pitris
• Devas
• Atithi (Guest)

FAQs

What is the importance of honoring Pitris, Devas, and guests in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames ancestor-offerings, deity-worship, and hospitality as core duties that sustain dharma, especially for disciplined life-stages like brahmacarya and vānaprastha.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana teachings on death rituals and Pitṛ-kārya?

By emphasizing Pitṛ-honor alongside sacred fires and worship, it supports the broader Purāṇic principle that proper Pitṛ-kārya (ancestral rites) is a major dharmic obligation that benefits lineage continuity and post-death well-being.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Live with restraint and patience, keep regular worship, practice ethical sourcing of food/livelihood, and treat guests and elders/ancestors with consistent respect and care.