Shloka 49
Vasiṣṭha-gamana
Vasiṣṭha’s Departure / The Episode of Sagara
Devanagari script
मुक्तास्तेनाथ राज्ञा शकयवनकिरातादयः सद्य एव त्यक्तस्वाचारवेषा गिरिगहनगुहाद्याशयाः संबभूवुः / एता अद्यापि सद्भिः सततमवमता जातयो ऽसत्प्रवृत्त्या वर्त्तन्ते दुष्टचेष्टा जगति नरपतेः पालयन्तः प्रतिज्ञाम्
Transliteration
muktāstenātha rājñā śakayavanakirātādayaḥ sadya eva tyaktasvācāraveṣā girigahanaguhādyāśayāḥ saṃbabhūvuḥ / etā adyāpi sadbhiḥ satatamavamatā jātayo 'satpravṛttyā varttante duṣṭaceṣṭā jagati narapateḥ pālayantaḥ pratijñām
Translation
ဘုရင်လွှတ်ပေးလိုက်သောအခါ Sakas၊ Yavanas၊ Kiratas နှင့် အခြားသူများသည် ၎င်းတို့၏ ဓလေ့ထုံးစံများနှင့် ဝတ်စားဆင်ယင်မှုများကို ချက်ချင်းစွန့်လွှတ်ကာ တောင်များနှင့် ဂူများတွင် ခိုလှုံခဲ့ကြသည်။ ယနေ့တိုင် သူတော်ကောင်းတို့၏ ရှုတ်ချခြင်းကို ခံရသော ဤမျိုးနွယ်စုများသည် ဘုရင်၏ကတိသစ္စာကို စောင့်ထိန်းလျက် ယုတ်မာသော အကျင့်ဖြင့် နေထိုင်ကြသည်။
Word by Word
मुक्ताःfreed
मुक्ताः:
विशेषण (Adjective of शकयवनकिरातादयः)
TypeAdjective
Rootमुक्त (√मुच्, कृदन्त)
Formक्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘released/freed’
तेनby him
तेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; agent in passive sense)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘by him’
अथthen
अथ:
सम्बन्ध-निपात (Discourse connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (discourse particle) ‘then/now’
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; agent)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘by the king’
शक-यवन-किरात-आदयःŚakas, Yavanas, Kirātas, etc.
शक-यवन-किरात-आदयः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशक (प्रातिपदिक) + यवन (प्रातिपदिक) + किरात (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (enumerative); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘Śakas, Yavanas, Kirātas and others’
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb) ‘immediately’
एवindeed
एव:
सम्बन्ध-निपात (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle) emphasis ‘indeed/just’
त्यक्त-स्व-आचार-वेषाःhaving abandoned their own customs and dress
त्यक्त-स्व-आचार-वेषाः:
विशेषण (Adjective of शकयवनकिरातादयः)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यक्त (√त्यज्, कृदन्त) + स्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + आचार (प्रातिपदिक) + वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (bahuvrīhi-sense as predicate); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘having abandoned their own conduct and dress’
गिरि-गहन-गुहा-आदि-आशयाःdwelling in mountains/forests/caves etc.
गिरि-गहन-गुहा-आदि-आशयाः:
विशेषण (Adjective of शकयवनकिरातादयः)
TypeAdjective
Rootगिरि (प्रातिपदिक) + गहन (प्रातिपदिक) + गुहा (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक) + आशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘having abodes in mountains, forests, caves, etc.’
संबभूवुःbecame
संबभूवुः:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-भू (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘they came to be/they became’
एताःthese
एताः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘these (tribes)’
अद्यापिeven today
अद्यापि:
काल-क्रियाविशेषण (Temporal adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य + अपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverbial compound-like usage) ‘even today/still’
सद्भिःby the good (people)
सद्भिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; ‘by the good/virtuous people’
सततम्always
सततम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसततम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb) ‘always’
अवमताःdespised
अवमताः:
विशेषण (Adjective of एताः/जातयः)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवमत (√मन्/अव-मान्, कृदन्त)
Formक्त (PPP) used adjectivally; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘despised’
जातयःtribes
जातयः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject, apposition to एताः)
TypeNoun
Rootजाति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘tribes/castes’
असत्-प्रवृत्त्याby wicked conduct
असत्-प्रवृत्त्या:
करण/हेतु (Instrument/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootअसत् (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रवृत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘by evil conduct’
वर्तन्तेconduct themselves
वर्तन्ते:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘they behave/continue’
दुष्ट-चेष्टाःof evil deeds
दुष्ट-चेष्टाः:
विशेषण (Adjective of जातयः)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक) + चेष्टा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयसमास; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘of wicked actions’
जगतिin the world
जगति:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootजगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘in the world’
नरपतेःof the king
नरपतेः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootनरपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of the king’
पालयन्तःmaintaining
पालयन्तः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject-participle qualifying जातयः)
TypeVerb
Rootपालयत् (√पाल्, शतृ-कृदन्त)
Formशतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘protecting/maintaining’
प्रतिज्ञाम्the vow
प्रतिज्ञाम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of पालयन्तः)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘vow/promise’