Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 13

Brahmā’s Boons, Hiraṇyakaśipu’s Cosmic Tyranny, and Prahlāda’s Transcendental Qualities

तमङ्ग मत्तं मधुनोरुगन्धिना विवृत्तताम्राक्षमशेषधिष्ण्यपा: । उपासतोपायनपाणिभिर्विना त्रिभिस्तपोयोगबलौजसां पदम् ॥ १३ ॥

tam aṅga mattaṁ madhunoru-gandhinā vivṛtta-tāmrākṣam aśeṣa-dhiṣṇya-pāḥ upāsatopāyana-pāṇibhir vinā tribhis tapo-yoga-balaujasāṁ padam

အို မဟာရာဇာ၊ ဟိရဏျကသိပုသည် အနံ့ပြင်းသော အရက်များကြောင့် အမြဲမူးယစ်နေသဖြင့် သူ၏ ကြေးနီရောင်မျက်လုံးများသည် အမြဲလှည့်လည်နေ하였다။ သို့သော် ယောဂတပသ်၏ အားတန်ခိုးကြောင့်၊ သူသည် မကောင်းမြတ်သော်လည်း၊ ဘြဟ္မာ၊ ရုဒြ (ရှီဝ) နှင့် ဝိષ્ણု—ဤ သုံးပါးသော အဓိကဒေဝတားများကို မပါဘဲ—အခြား လောကပာလများအားလုံးက မိမိလက်ဖြင့် လက်ဆောင်များယူဆောင်ကာ သူ့ကို ကျေနပ်စေရန် ကိုယ်တိုင်ပင် ဝတ်ပြုခဲ့ကြသည်။

तम्him
तम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
अङ्गO (dear)
अङ्ग:
सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Address)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअङ्ग (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
Formसम्बोधन-निपात (Vocative particle/interjection)
मत्तम्intoxicated
मत्तम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); तम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
मधुनाwith honey / by mead
मधुना:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
उरु-गन्धिनाhaving a strong fragrance
उरु-गन्धिना:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootउरु (प्रातिपदिक) + गन्धिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (‘उरुः गन्धः यस्य’), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); मधुना इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
विवृत्त-ताम्र-अक्षम्with rolling reddish eyes
विवृत्त-ताम्र-अक्षम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootविवृत्त (कृदन्त; √वृत् धातु, क्त) + ताम्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अक्षि/अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (बहुपद; ‘विवृत्ते ताम्रे अक्षिणी यस्य’), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); तम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
अशेष-धिष्ण्य-पाःthe lords of all celestial abodes
अशेष-धिष्ण्य-पाः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअशेष (प्रातिपदिक) + धिष्ण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + पा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘अशेषाणां धिष्ण्यानां पाः’ = rulers of all abodes), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
उपासतthey worshipped / attended
उपासत:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√आस् (धातु) उप + (उप-आस्)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद
उपायन-पाणिभिःwith hands holding gifts
उपायन-पाणिभिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootउपायन (प्रातिपदिक) + पाणि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘उपायनं पाणौ येषाम्’), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)
विनाwithout
विना:
सम्बन्ध (Relation/Exclusion)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Preposition/particle) — तृतीया-सहयोगी (governs instrumental)
त्रिभिःwith three (things)
त्रिभिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक (Numeral), पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc/Neut), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)
तपः-योग-बल-ओजसाम्of austerity, yoga, strength, and vigor
तपः-योग-बल-ओजसाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक) + योग (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक) + ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास (समाहार/इतरेतर sense), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural)
पदम्the abode / state / position
पदम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

In the Skanda Purāṇa there is this description: upāyanaṁ daduḥ sarve vinā devān hiraṇyakaḥ. Hiraṇyakaśipu was so powerful that everyone but the three principal demigods — namely Lord Brahmā, Lord Śiva and Lord Viṣṇu — engaged in his service. Madhvācārya says, ādityā vasavo rudrās tri-vidhā hi surā yataḥ. There are three kinds of demigods — the Ādityas, the Vasus and the Rudras — beneath whom are the other demigods, like the Maruts and Sādhyas ( marutaś caiva viśve ca sādhyāś caiva ca tad-gatāḥ ). Therefore all the demigods are called tri-piṣṭapa, and the same word tri applies to Lord Brahmā, Lord Śiva and Lord Viṣṇu.

H
Hiraṇyakaśipu

FAQs

This verse shows Hiraṇyakaśipu becoming arrogant and sensually intoxicated, yet receiving worship from many rulers—highlighting how material power can create false reverence and deepen illusion.

In the narrative, Hiraṇyakaśipu’s dominance and fearsome control over the universe compelled subordinate rulers to approach him with gifts and worship, even as he contemptuously ignored them.

Do not measure greatness by external authority or followers; cultivate humility and devotion, because power without character can make one dismissive, intoxicated, and spiritually blind.