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Shloka 16

Sāṅkhya Enumeration of Tattvas, Distinction of Puruṣa–Prakṛti, and the Mechanics of Birth and Death

शब्द: स्पर्शो रसो गन्धो रूपं चेत्यर्थजातय: । गत्युक्त्युत्सर्गशिल्पानि कर्मायतनसिद्धय: ॥ १६ ॥

śabdaḥ sparśo raso gandho rūpaṁ cety artha-jātayaḥ gaty-ukty-utsarga-śilpāni karmāyatana-siddhayaḥ

အသံ၊ ထိတွေ့မှု၊ အရသာ၊ အနံ့၊ ရုပ်သဏ္ဌာန်တို့သည် ဉာဏ်အင်ဒြိယာ၏ အာရုံများ ဖြစ်သည်။ လှုပ်ရှားခြင်း၊ ပြောဆိုခြင်း၊ စွန့်ထုတ်ခြင်းနှင့် လက်ရာ/ထုတ်လုပ်ခြင်းတို့သည် ကမ္မအင်ဒြိယာ၏ လုပ်ဆောင်ချက်များ ဖြစ်သည်။

शब्दःsound
शब्दः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nominative singular)
स्पर्शःtouch
स्पर्शः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्पर्श (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nominative singular)
रसःtaste/flavor
रसः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nominative singular)
गन्धःsmell
गन्धः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nominative singular)
रूपम्form/shape
रूपम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nominative singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction “and”)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इत्यादि-उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक (quotative particle)
अर्थजातयःclasses of objects (sense-objects)
अर्थजातयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ-जाती (प्रातिपदिक: अर्थ + जाति)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (Nominative plural); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अर्थानां जातयः)
गतिmovement
गति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (as member in compound)
उक्तिspeech/utterance
उक्ति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootउक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (as member in compound)
उत्सर्गevacuation/discharge
उत्सर्ग:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootउत्सर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (as member in compound)
शिल्पानिarts/crafts
शिल्पानि:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशिल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (Nominative plural)
कर्मायतनसिद्धयःaccomplishments based on the organs of action
कर्मायतनसिद्धयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्म-आयतन-सिद्धि (प्रातिपदिक: कर्म + आयतन + सिद्धि)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (Nominative plural); समासः बहु-तत्पुरुषः (कर्मणाम् आयतनानां सिद्धयः / कर्म-आयतन-सम्बद्धाः सिद्धयः)

Here the word utsarga refers to evacuation by the genitals and anus, and thus constitutes two elements. In this way ten elements are listed here in two sets of five.

K
Krishna
U
Uddhava

FAQs

In 11.22.16, Krishna lists sound, touch, taste, smell, and form as the fundamental categories of sense-objects that bind the mind when pursued for enjoyment.

Krishna instructs Uddhava in analytical knowledge (Sankhya) so he can discern the body, senses, and their objects as material categories and cultivate detachment for steady bhakti.

Notice which sense-object is pulling the mind (sound, taste, etc.), reduce unnecessary exposure, and redirect the same senses toward Krishna—hearing hari-katha, chanting, honoring prasada, and serving with skill.