Sutra 25
Devanagari script
मध्यमोदासीनयोर्बलांशदाने यः शूरं कृतास्त्रं दुःखसहमनुरक्तं वा दण्डं ददाति सोऽतिसंधीयते ॥ कZ_०७.८.२५ ॥
Transliteration
madhyamodāsīnayor balāṃśadāne yaḥ śūraṃ kṛtāstraṃ duḥkhasaham anuraktaṃ vā daṇḍaṃ dadāti so ’tisaṃdhīyate
Translation
အလယ်ဘုရင် သို့မဟုတ် အလယ်မပါဝင်သူထံ တပ်ဖွဲ့အပိုင်းအစများ ပံ့ပိုးရာတွင် ရဲရင့်၍ လက်နက်ပြည့်စုံ၊ ဒုက္ခကို ခံနိုင်ရည်ရှိ၊ သို့မဟုတ် ကိုယ်ရေးကိုယ်တာအရ သစ္စာရှိသော တပ်အားကို ပေးသူသည် အလွန်အကျွံ ချိတ်ဆက်ခြင်း (atisandhi) ကို ပြုသည်။
Word by Word
मध्यमthe ‘middle’ king (a mandala-category ruler)
मध्यम:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमध्यम
Formपुंलिङ्गे (राजा-विशेषः) प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (समासे पूर्वपदम्)
उदासीनयोःof the neutral king (dual with ‘madhyama’: of the madhyama and the udāsīna)
उदासीनयोः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootउदासीन
Formपुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी/सप्तमी द्विवचनम् (समासे उत्तरपदम्)
बलांशदानेin the giving of a portion of military force (sending a contingent)
बलांशदाने:
TypeNoun
Rootबलांश-दान
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी एकवचनम्; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (बलस्य अंशः → बलांशः; बलांशस्य दानम्)
यःwho (he who)
यः:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम् (सम्बन्ध-प्रत्ययः)
शूरम्a brave man/warrior
शूरम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootशूर
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्
कृतास्त्रम्trained in weapons; weapon-skilled
कृतास्त्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत-अस्त्र
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्; समासः कर्मधारयः (कृतम् अस्त्रम् यस्य)
दुःखसहम्enduring hardship
दुःखसहम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख-सह
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्; समासः तत्पुरुषः (दुःखं सहते इति)
अनुरक्तम्attached/loyal (devoted)
अनुरक्तम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootअनु-रञ्ज्
Formभूतकृदन्तः (क्त); पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम्
दण्डम्coercive force; the rod/punitive power (here: armed force)
दण्डम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम्
ददातिgives
ददाति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formलट् लकारः; परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्
सःhe
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्
अतिसंधीयतेenters into an excessive/overreaching alliance (over-commits)
अतिसंधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-सम्-धा
Formलट् लकारः; आत्मनेपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः (प्रायः ‘अतिसन्धि’—अतिशयेन सन्धिं करोति/अतिसन्धिं गच्छति)
Entities Mentioned
M
madhyama (middle king)U
udāsīna (neutral)D
daṇḍa (force)FAQs
Because loyal/elite units are high-value strategic capital; transferring them increases dependency and reduces the sender’s deterrence and internal security margin.