Sutra 19

Devanagari script

भूम्यनन्तरः प्रकृतिमित्रः तुल्याभिजनः सहजः विरुद्धो विरोधयिता वा कृत्रिमः ॥ कZ_०६.२.१९ ॥

Transliteration

bhūmyanantaraḥ prakṛtimitraḥ tulyābhijanaḥ sahajaḥ viruddho virodhayitā vā kṛtrimaḥ

Translation

သဘာဝမိတ်ဖက် (prakṛti-mitra) ဆိုသည်မှာ နယ်မြေချင်းဆက်စပ်ပြီး မျိုးရိုး/အဆင့်အတန်းတူညီကာ သဘောသဘာဝအရလည်း သဟဇာတဖြစ်သူ ဖြစ်သည်။ အတုမိတ်ဖက် (kṛtrima) ဆိုသည်မှာ (ရန်သူကို) ဆန့်ကျင်နေသူ သို့မဟုတ် (ရန်သူကို) ဆန့်ကျင်အောင် လှုံ့ဆော်နိုင်သူ ဖြစ်သည်။

Word by Word

• भूमि-अनन्तरः: territorially adjacent (neighboring by land)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनन्तर
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषणम् (अमात्य/मित्रादि-प्रकृतिविशेषस्य)

• प्रकृति-मित्रः: a natural friend/ally (by disposition/constitution)
• Type: Noun (used adjectivally)
• Root: मित्र
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘प्रकृतेः मित्रम्’ इति—विशेषणवत्

• तुल्य-अभिजनः: of equal lineage/noble birth
• Type: Noun (used adjectivally)
• Root: अभिजन
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘तुल्यः अभिजनः यस्य’—विशेषणम्

• सहजः: innate; naturally arising
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहज
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• विरुद्धः: hostile; opposed
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: विरुध्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘विरुद्ध’

• विरोधयिता: an instigator of hostility/opposition
• Type: Agent noun
• Root: विरोधय् (वि+रुध्, णिच्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; तृ-प्रत्ययान्त (कर्तृवाचक)

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (or)

• कृत्रिमः: artificial; contrived
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत्रिम
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषणम्

Entities Mentioned

• prakṛti-mitra
• kṛtrima-mitra (implied)

More Details

FAQs

How do 'natural' and 'artificial' allies differ operationally?

Natural allies are more stable due to structural and socio-political affinity; artificial allies are contingent, formed by inducement or shared opposition, and require ongoing management.

Why include 'virodhayitā' (one who can be made to oppose)?

It formalizes alliance-building through persuasion, incentives, and strategic influence—turning a neutral or wavering actor into a partner against a target.