Sutra 21

Devanagari script

धर्मस्थीये चारके बन्धनागारे वा शय्यासनभोजनोच्चारसंचाररोधबन्धनेषु त्रिपणोत्तरा दण्डाः कर्तुः कारयितुश्च ॥ कZ_०४.९.२१ ॥

Transliteration

dharmasthīye cārake bandhanāgāre vā śayyāsanabhojanoccārasaṃcārarodhabandhaneṣu tripaṇottarā daṇḍāḥ kartuḥ kārayituś ca

Translation

ဓမ္မသ္ထီယ၏ ထိန်းသိမ်းချုပ်နှောင်မှု (ကာကွယ်ရေးချုပ်နှောင်မှု) သို့မဟုတ် ထောင်တွင်း၌ ချုပ်နှောင်ခံရသူ၏ အိပ်ရာ၊ ထိုင်ခုံ၊ အစားအစာ၊ အညစ်အကြေးထုတ်ခြင်း၊ သွားလာလှုပ်ရှားခြင်းတို့ကို တားဆီး သို့မဟုတ် မပေးအပ်ခြင်းအတွက် ပဏ ၃ ထက်ပိုသော ဒဏ်ကြေးကို—တိုက်ရိုက်ကျူးလွန်သူနှင့် လုပ်ခိုင်းသူ နှစ်ဦးစလုံးအပေါ် ချမှတ်သည်။

Word by Word

• धर्मस्थीये: in the jurisdiction of the court (of justice)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively/locative)
• Root: धर्मस्थीय (धर्मस्थ + ईय)
• Form: सप्तमी एकवचनम् (नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे स्थानवाचक-प्रयोगः); ‘धर्मस्थीय’ = धर्मस्थ-सम्बन्धिनि (न्यायाधिकरणे)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• आरके: in the watch/guard (police) establishment
• Type: Noun
• Root: आरक
• Form: सप्तमी एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम् (स्थान/अधिकरणवाचक)

• बन्धनागारे: in the prison
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धनागार
• Form: सप्तमी एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; बन्धनस्य आगारम्

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम्

• शय्या: (in matters of) bedding
• Type: Noun
• Root: शय्या
• Form: सप्तमी बहुवचनम् (समाहार-द्वन्द्वे समस्तपदानां सप्तमी-बहुवचन-प्रयोगः), स्त्रीलिङ्गम्

• आसन: seating
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन
• Form: सप्तमी बहुवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्

• भोजन: food (provision)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोजन
• Form: सप्तमी बहुवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्

• उच्चार: evacuation (of urine/feces)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उच्चार
• Form: सप्तमी बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; अत्र ‘मल-मूत्र-उत्सर्ग’ अर्थे

• संचार: movement (going about)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संचार
• Form: सप्तमी बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्

• रोध: restriction/obstruction
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोध
• Form: सप्तमी बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्

• बन्धनेषु: in acts of restraint/fettering
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धन
• Form: सप्तमी बहुवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘...-बन्धनेषु’ = (अतिशय)बन्धन-प्रयोगेषु

• त्रिपणोत्तरा: exceeding three paṇas (in amount)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रिपणोत्तर
• Form: प्रथमा बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; दण्डाः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्; ‘त्रिपण + उत्तर’ = त्रिपणाधिकाः

• दण्डाः: fines/penalties
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; विधेयम्

• कर्तुः: of the perpetrator (doer)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्तृ
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; ‘of the doer/agent’

• कारयितुः: of the instigator/one who causes it to be done
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: कारयितृ (√कृ, णिच्)
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; causative agent: ‘one who causes (another) to do’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

Entities Mentioned

• dharmasthīya
• cāraka (detainee)
• bandhanāgāra (prison staff/authority)

More Details

FAQs

What administrative principle is stated here about responsibility?

Both the person who commits the obstruction and the person who orders/causes it are punishable (direct and vicarious liability).