Sutra 14

Devanagari script

मन्दापराधं बालं वृद्धं व्याधितं मत्तमुन्मत्तं क्षुत्पिपासाध्वक्लान्तमत्याशितमामकाशितं दुर्बलं वा न कर्म कारयेत् ॥ कZ_०४.८.१४ ॥

Transliteration

mandāparādhaṃ bālaṃ vṛddhaṃ vyādhitaṃ mattam unmattaṃ kṣutpipāsādhvaklāntam atyāśitam āmakāśitam durbalaṃ vā na karma kārayet

Translation

အပြစ်သေးသူ၊ ကလေး၊ အိုမင်းသူ၊ နာမကျန်းသူ၊ မူးယစ်သူ၊ စိတ်မမှန်သူ၊ ဆာလောင်ခြင်း၊ ရေငတ်ခြင်း သို့မဟုတ် ခရီးပန်းနွမ်းခြင်းကြောင့် မောပန်းသူ၊ အလွန်အကျွံစားသောက်သူ၊ အစာမကြေသေးသူ (မကြေညက်သေးသောအခြေအနေ) သို့မဟုတ် အားနည်းသူတို့ထံမှ စုံစမ်းရေး/ဒဏ်ခတ်ရေးအဖြစ် အလုပ်လုပ်ခိုင်း၍ မပြုရ။

Word by Word

• मन्द-अपराधम्: one whose offence is minor
• Type: Noun (with adjective)
• Root: अपराध
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; विशेषणम्: मन्द-

• बालम्: a child / minor
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाल
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (प्रायः), एकवचन, द्वितीया

• वृद्धम्: an old person
• Type: Noun/Adjective used substantively
• Root: वृद्ध
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया

• व्याधितम्: a sick person
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: व्याधित
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; (व्याधि-ग्रस्तः)

• मत्तम्: an intoxicated person
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: मत्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया

• उन्मत्तम्: a mad/insane person
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: उन्मत्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया

• क्षुत्-पिपासा-अध्व-क्लान्तम्: one exhausted by hunger, thirst, and travel
• Type: Adjective used substantively (compound)
• Root: क्लान्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; क्षुत्(भूख) + पिपासा(तृष्णा) + अध्व(मार्ग/यात्रा) इत्येतैः क्लान्तः

• अति-अशितम्: one who has overeaten
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: अशित
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; अति + अशित (अधिकं भुक्तवान्)

• आम-आकाशितम्: one suffering indigestion (raw/undigested belching)
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: आकाशित
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; विशेषणम्: आम- (अपरिपक्व/कच्च)

• दुर्बलम्: a weak person
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: दुर्बल
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)

• न: not
• Type: Negation
• Root: न
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• कर्म: work / task
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; (कार्य/श्रम)

• कारयेत्: should cause (someone) to do / should make (them) work
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (णिच्)
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोगः (causative): ‘to cause to do’

Entities Mentioned

• children
• elderly
• sick persons
• intoxicated persons
• mentally ill persons
• minor offenders

More Details

FAQs

What is the governing logic behind the exemptions listed?

Administrative measures must be proportional and reliable; coercing the unfit increases harm and produces unreliable outcomes (including false admissions).