Sutra 9

Devanagari script

तस्यातिक्रमे वाग्दण्डपारुष्यदण्डाभ्यामर्धदण्डाः ॥ कZ_०३.३.०९ ॥

Transliteration

tasyātikrame vāgdaṇḍapāruṣyadaṇḍābhyāmardhadaṇḍāḥ

Translation

ထိုအကန့်အသတ်ကို ကျော်လွန်ပါက စကားဖြင့်စော်ကားမှု (vāgdaṇḍa) နှင့် ကိုယ်ထိလက်ရောက်အကြမ်းဖက်မှု (pāruṣyadaṇḍa) အတွက် သတ်မှတ်ထားသော ဒဏ်ကြေးနှုန်း၏ တစ်ဝက်နှုန်းဖြင့် ပြစ်ဒဏ်များ သက်ရောက်မည်။

Word by Word

• तस्य: of that / of him / thereof
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम्, पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अतिक्रमे: upon transgression / in the case of violation
• Type: Noun (action noun)
• Root: अति√क्रम्
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; भाववाचक (अतिक्रम = transgression)

• वाक्-दण्ड: penalty for speech (verbal penalty)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक् + दण्ड
• Form: तृतीया-द्विवचनम् (दण्डाभ्याम्-शब्देन), पुंलिङ्ग; समासान्त-पद: दण्ड

• पारुष्य-दण्ड: penalty for abuse/insult (harshness)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पारुष्य + दण्ड
• Form: तृतीया-द्विवचनम् (दण्डाभ्याम्-शब्देन), पुंलिङ्ग; समासान्त-पद: दण्ड

• आभ्याम्: by/with these two
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (एतद्-प्रत्ययान्त सर्वनाम)
• Form: तृतीया-द्विवचनम्, सर्वनाम; ‘by/with these two’

• अर्ध-दण्डाः: (they are) half-penalties / half the fine
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ध + दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; विधेय (predicate)

Entities Mentioned

• offender disciplinarian (implied)
• victim ward/dependent (implied)
• court (implied)

More Details

FAQs

What does cross-referencing vāgdaṇḍa and pāruṣyadaṇḍa accomplish?

It plugs household discipline into the broader penal code, ensuring consistent valuation of harm and simplifying judicial calculation.