Nirvana Upanishad: Verse 61

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

एतन्निर्वाणदर्शनम् । शिष्यं पुत्रं विना न देयमित्युपनिषत् ॥६१॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

एतत् । निर्वाण-दर्शनम् । शिष्यम् । पुत्रम् । विना । न । देयम् । इति । उपनिषत् ॥६१॥

Recitation with translationNirvana Upanishad 61

IAST Transliteration

etan nirvāṇa-darśanam | śiṣyaṃ putraṃ vinā na deyam ity upaniṣat ||61||

Translation

Inilah penglihatan (ajaran) tentang Nirvāṇa. Ia tidak boleh diberikan kecuali kepada seorang murid atau seorang anak—demikianlah kata Upaniṣad.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Academic Translation

This is the vision (teaching) of Nirvāṇa. It is not to be given without (i.e., except to) a disciple or a son—thus (says) the Upaniṣad.

Word by Word

• etat: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: etat (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
• Form: napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā-vibhakti; ekavacana

• nirvāṇa-darśanam: the vision/realization of Nirvāṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: nirvāṇa (prātipadika) + darśana (prātipadika)
• Form: napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā-vibhakti; ekavacana

• śiṣyam: to a disciple
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiṣya (prātipadika)
• Form: puṃliṅga; dvitīyā-vibhakti; ekavacana

• putram: to a son
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (prātipadika)
• Form: puṃliṅga; dvitīyā-vibhakti; ekavacana

• vinā: without/except
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vinā (avyaya)
• Form: avyaya; governs accusative

• na: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (avyaya)
• Form: avyaya; negation

• deyam: to be given
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dā (dhātu) → deya (kṛdanta; gerundive/ya-pratyaya)
• Form: napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā-vibhakti; ekavacana; vidhi/niyama-artha (ought to be given)

• iti: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (avyaya)
• Form: avyaya; quotation marker

• upaniṣat: the Upaniṣad (teaching)
• Type: Noun
• Root: upaniṣad (prātipadika)
• Form: strīliṅga; prathamā-vibhakti; ekavacana

Sandhi Notes

• etan nirvāṇa-darśanam: no sandhi
• compound nirvāṇa-darśanam is ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (‘nirvāṇasya darśanam’). deyam ity upaniṣat: iti + upaniṣat → ity upaniṣat (i + u → y u)

About this Verse

Central concept

Moksha (Nirvāṇa) and adhikāra (eligibility for receiving esoteric knowledge)

The mahavakyas

Indirect: functions as a colophon/disciplinary injunction safeguarding the transmission of non-dual liberating knowledge that culminates in mahāvākya-realization (e.g., 'aham brahmāsmi').

Veda

Rig Veda

Chandas

Prose

Yoga and practice

Emphasizes adhikāra and guru-śiṣya paramparā: (1) choose a qualified teacher and cultivate śraddhā, viveka, vairāgya; (2) keep teachings confidential until stabilized in nididhyāsana; (3) apply the instruction in sustained contemplation on the Self rather than mere discussion.