केचिच्छ्रेयो धर्ममाहुरैश्वर्यं त्यागभोजनम् । केचिद्दमं तपो द्रव्यं भोगान्मुक्तिं च केचन
kecicchreyo dharmamāhuraiśvaryaṃ tyāgabhojanam | keciddamaṃ tapo dravyaṃ bhogānmuktiṃ ca kecana
Ada yang menyatakan dharma sebagai kebaikan tertinggi; yang lain berkata kedaulatan dan kemakmuran, atau hidup dalam pelepasan dengan santapan sederhana. Ada yang menyebut pengendalian diri, tapa, harta, kenikmatan—dan ada pula yang menyebut mokṣa, pembebasan daripada kenikmatan.
Barbarīka
Listener: Śrī Kṛṣṇa
Scene: A didactic tableau: the speaker enumerates diverse opinions about the highest good—dharma, sovereignty, renunciation, restraint, austerity, wealth, enjoyment, and liberation—suggesting a philosophical crossroads.
People propose many ‘highest goods’; the verse sets up the need for authoritative discernment to identify true śreyas beyond conflicting opinions.
None; the focus is ethical-philosophical categorization, not sacred geography.
No direct ritual is prescribed; practices like dama (restraint) and tapas (austerity) are listed as proposed ideals.