वधबंधपरिक्लेशाः पुत्रदारादि पंचता । पापिनामपि दृश्यंते तस्माद्धर्मो गुरुर्मतः
vadhabaṃdhaparikleśāḥ putradārādi paṃcatā | pāpināmapi dṛśyaṃte tasmāddharmo gururmataḥ
Pembunuhan, pemenjaraan dan pelbagai kesengsaraan—serta bencana “lima serangkai” yang berkaitan dengan anak, isteri dan lain-lain—juga terlihat pada para pendosa. Maka dharma dipandang sebagai guru dan penunjuk jalan yang sejati.
Nandabhadra
Scene: A didactic scene: a teacher-like speaker points to examples of worldly punishments and family-related calamities, concluding that dharma is the true guide; listeners appear contemplative and chastened.
Since suffering is common to all, dharma—not mere pursuit of pleasure—should be taken as the guiding authority.
None mentioned in this verse.
None explicitly; it offers a doctrinal conclusion: treat dharma as guru.