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Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 1

Devanagari script

। नारद उवाच । सहस्रसप्तत्युच्छ्राये पातालानि परस्परम् । अतलं वितलं चैव नितलं च रसातलम्

Transliteration

| nārada uvāca | sahasrasaptatyucchrāye pātālāni parasparam | atalaṃ vitalaṃ caiva nitalaṃ ca rasātalam

Translation

Nārada berkata: “Pātāla itu terletak bertingkat-tingkat, satu di bawah yang lain, masing-masing pada kedalaman seribu tujuh puluh (yojana). Iaitu Atala, Vitala, Nitala dan Rasātala.”

Word by Word
नारदःNārada
नारदः:
Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनारद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
सहस्रa thousand
सहस्र:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; (समासाङ्ग)
सप्ततिseventy
सप्तति:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootसप्तति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; (समासाङ्ग)
उच्छ्रायेin height/extent
उच्छ्राये:
Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootउच्छ्राय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘in height/extent’
पातालानिthe Pātālas (nether regions)
पातालानि:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
परस्परम्one after another; mutually
परस्परम्:
Adhikarana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (mutually/one after another)
अतलम्Atala
अतलम्:
Karma (Apposition/object)
TypeNoun
Rootअतल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
वितलम्Vitala
वितलम्:
Karma (Apposition/object)
TypeNoun
Rootवितल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
एवindeed; also
एव:
Sambandha (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)
नितलम्Nitala
नितलम्:
Karma (Apposition/object)
TypeNoun
Rootनितल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
रसातलम्Rasātala
रसातलम्:
Karma (Apposition/object)
TypeNoun
Rootरस + अतल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (rasa-sya atalam)
Speaker

Nārada

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Atala, Vitala, Nitala, Rasātala (as Pātāla-lokas)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Kauravya (a Kuru scion; likely Janamejaya in Purāṇic dialogue conventions)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Nārada speaks, enumerating the nether worlds stacked below one another, each separated by a fixed depth; a schematic vertical cross-section accompanies the narration.

Characters & Entities
N
Nārada
P
Pātāla
A
Atala
V
Vitala
N
Nitala
R
Rasātala

FAQs

The Purāṇa maps existence in layered realms, urging a broadened vision of creation beyond the human world.

No specific tīrtha is praised; the verse is a cosmographic listing of the nether regions.

None.

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