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Shloka 31

पापभेदवर्णनम्

Classification of Sins / Taxonomy of Pāpa

ये ताडयंति गां क्रूरा दमयंते मुहुर्मुहुः । दुर्बलान्ये न पुष्णंति सततं ये त्यजंति च

ye tāḍayaṃti gāṃ krūrā damayaṃte muhurmuhuḥ | durbalānye na puṣṇaṃti satataṃ ye tyajaṃti ca

Orang-orang kejam yang memukul lembu, yang berulang kali menyeksa dan menundukkannya—mereka yang tidak memelihara yang lemah dan sentiasa meninggalkan mereka—(orang demikian menanggung dosa berat dan gugur dari jalan dharma).

yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
tāḍayantibeat
tāḍayanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roottāḍ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
gāma cow
gām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन)
krūrāḥcruel (people)
krūrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkrūra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
damayantetorment/subdue
damayante:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdam (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
muhuḥagain and again
muhuḥ:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmuhuḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण), indeclinable
muhuḥrepeatedly
muhuḥ:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmuhuḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण), indeclinable (reduplicated for emphasis)
durbalānthe weak (people)
durbalān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdurbala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Plural (बहुवचन)
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
nado not
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात), indeclinable
puṣṇantinourish/support
puṣṇanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpuṣ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
satatamalways
satatam:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsatatam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण), indeclinable
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
tyajantiabandon
tyajanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roottyaj (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक), indeclinable

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Significance: Ahiṃsā and protection of the vulnerable are treated as essential to Śiva’s path; cruelty thickens pāśa (bondage) and blocks anugraha.

Role: nurturing

FAQs

It teaches that cruelty and neglect of the helpless deepen karmic bondage (pāśa). In a Shaiva Siddhanta lens, compassion (dayā) and protection of the vulnerable purify the soul (paśu) and make it fit for Shiva’s grace (pati-anugraha).

Linga worship is not merely external ritual; it must be supported by dharma and ahiṃsā. Reverence to Saguna Shiva is contradicted by harming beings under one’s care—true devotion expresses itself as restraint, kindness, and protection.

Practice ahiṃsā as a vrata: before japa of “Om Namaḥ Śivāya,” cultivate compassion through feeding/supporting the weak and refraining from cruelty; let this become the ethical foundation for mantra, bhasma (tripuṇḍra), and daily Shiva-pūjā.