Shloka 15

Aditi’s Progeny and the Twelve Ādityas

Manvantara Genealogy

Devanagari script

यथा सूर्य्यस्य नित्यं हि उदयास्तमयाविह । एवं देवानिकास्ते च संभवंति युगेयुगे

Transliteration

yathā sūryyasya nityaṃ hi udayāstamayāviha | evaṃ devānikāste ca saṃbhavaṃti yugeyuge

Translation

Sebagaimana matahari setiap hari tanpa gagal terbit dan terbenam, demikianlah juga bala tentera para dewa itu berulang kali menzahirkan diri, zaman demi zaman, menurut tertib kosmik yang ditetapkan oleh Tuhan Yang Maha Agung.

Word by Word

• yathā: just as
• yathā: Upamāna-marker (उपमान-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable, comparative particle (उपमानवाचक अव्यय)

• sūryasya: of the sun
• sūryasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया एकवचन)

• hi: indeed/for
• hi: Sambandha/Reason marker (हेतु-सूचक निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), explanatory

• udaya-astamayau: rise and setting
• udaya-astamayau: Karta (कर्ता) (of implied 'bhavataḥ/staḥ')
• Type: Noun
• Root: udaya (प्रातिपदिक) + astamaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Dual (द्विवचन); समासः: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व ('rise and setting')

• iha: here (in this world)
• iha: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)

• evam: thus/in the same way
• evam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)

• deva-nikāyāḥ: the hosts of gods
• deva-nikāyāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + nikāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः: तत्पुरुष ('groups of gods')

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to deva-nikāyāḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• saṃbhavanti: come into being / arise
• saṃbhavanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ-bhū (धातु) (सम् + भू)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• yuge: in (each) age
• yuge: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)

• yuge: in every age
• yuge: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); repetition for distributive sense

Speaker

Sūta Gosvāmi (narrating the Purāṇic teaching to the sages, as typical for philosophical passages in the Umāsaṃhitā)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: cyclic manifestation likened to daily solar rising/setting

Characters & Entities

• Surya
• Devas

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that even divine beings (devas) arise and withdraw cyclically like sunrise and sunset, pointing the seeker toward the timeless Lord (Pati) who alone stands beyond change and grants liberation.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

The cyclical nature of gods and worlds implies that refuge in transient powers is limited; Linga-worship of Saguna Shiva is presented as devotion to the supreme source who regulates cycles and can lead the devotee from worldly order (dharma) to freedom (moksha).

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Contemplate impermanence (yuga-cycles) while doing japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and maintaining Shiva-oriented disciplines such as vibhūti (Tripuṇḍra) and Rudrākṣa as supports for steady remembrance.