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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 16

दक्षयज्ञे सत्या अपमानबोधः — Satī Encounters Disrespect at Dakṣa’s Sacrifice

ब्रह्मोवाच । इत्युक्त्वा परमेशानी विष्ण्वादीन्सकलान् प्रति । पृथक्पृथगवोचत्सा भर्त्सयंती भवात्मिका

brahmovāca | ityuktvā parameśānī viṣṇvādīnsakalān prati | pṛthakpṛthagavocatsā bhartsayaṃtī bhavātmikā

Brahmā berkata: Setelah berkata demikian, Parameśānī (Satī), jelmaan Bhavā—Sang Ibu Ilahi—lalu menegur Viṣṇu dan semua dewa yang lain, seorang demi seorang.

ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
इतिthus
इति:
वाक्यसमाप्ति/उद्धरण (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
पूर्वकाल (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)
परमेशानीParameśānī (the Supreme Goddess)
परमेशानी:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपरमेशानी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
विष्ण्वादीन्Viṣṇu and others
विष्ण्वादीन्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्ण्वादि (प्रातिपदिक) [विष्णु + आदि]
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (विष्णुः आदिः येषां ते)
सकलान्all
सकलान्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसकल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (विष्ण्वादीन्)
प्रतिtowards / to
प्रति:
सम्प्रदान/प्रत्ययार्थ (Direction/Target)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्गसदृश-अव्यय (preposition: ‘towards/with regard to’)
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: separately)
पृथक्each separately
पृथक्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (repetition for emphasis)
अवोचत्spoke
अवोचत्:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
साshe
सा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
भर्त्सयन्तीrebuking
भर्त्सयन्ती:
कर्ता (Karta/Agent as participle)
TypeVerb
Rootभर्त्स् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्तः—शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (सा)
भवात्मिकाwhose nature is Bhava (Śiva)
भवात्मिका:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootभवात्मिका (प्रातिपदिक) [भव + आत्मिका]
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (भवस्य आत्मिका) विशेषणम् (सा/परमेशानी)

Brahma

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Sthala Purana: Context is the Dakṣa-yajña episode: Satī (Parameśānī) confronts the devas for their complicity/inaction in the exclusion of Śiva from the sacrifice; it is not a Jyotirliṅga origin passage.

Significance: Didactic: warns that even devas fall into delusion when Śiva is disregarded; reinforces Śiva’s supremacy and the necessity of honoring Him in yajña and dharma.

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: teaching

B
Brahma
P
Parameshani (Sati/Parvati)
V
Vishnu

FAQs

The verse highlights Śiva-Śakti supremacy in a Shaiva Siddhanta tone: the Goddess, as Bhavātmikā, corrects even the highest Devas, teaching that divine order (dharma) stands above pride, status, and factionalism.

By calling Satī “Parameśānī” and “Bhavātmikā,” the text points to Saguna Śiva as inseparable from Śakti—Linga worship is not mere form-worship but reverence for the living presence of Śiva together with His power (Śakti) that governs and guides the cosmos.

The practical takeaway is humility and alignment with Śiva-dharma: approach worship with reverence, recite the Pañcākṣarī ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") with self-correction, and avoid ego-driven judgment—purifying intention is the implied “sādhana” in this admonitory scene.