Rig Veda 4.6.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 6, Mantra 5

Sukta 4.6

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for RV 4.6)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; standard for many RV 4 hymns—verify with pada-count in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

परि त्मना मितद्रुरेति होताग्निर्मन्द्रो मधुवचा ऋतावा । द्रवन्त्यस्य वाजिनो न शोका भयन्ते विश्वा भुवना यदभ्राट् ॥

Transliteration

pári tmanā́ mitá-druḥ eti hotā́gnír mandró mádhu-vacā ṛtá-vā́ | drávanty asya vājíno ná śókā bháyante víśvā bhúvanā yád abhrā́ṭ ||

Translation

Ia bergerak mengelilingi segalanya menurut hukum-diri-Nya sendiri—Agni, Hotar (imam korban), yang mengasyikkan, bertutur manis laksana madu, pemegang Ṛta. Segala dukacita lari daripadanya seperti kuda-kuda tangkas yang dipacu; seluruh alam menjadi gentar apabila ia menyala-nyala.

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Word by Word

• परि: around, all around
• परि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• त्मना: by himself; with his own self
• त्मना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मितद्रुः: having measured/limited ‘courses/woods’ (epithet); the measurer
• मितद्रुः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: मित-द्रु (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास)

• एति: goes, moves
• एति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु)

• होता: the Hotṛ-priest; invoker
• होता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• मन्द्रः: gladdening, pleasant, exhilarating
• मन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• मधुवचाः: sweet-tongued; of honeyed speech
• मधुवचाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: मधु-वचस् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि)

• ऋतावा: possessing ṛta; truthful/ritually right
• ऋतावा: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋतावन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• द्रवन्ति: run, speed
• द्रवन्ति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्रु (धातु)

• अस्य: of him, his
• अस्य: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजिनः: the prize-winners; swift ones (steeds)
• वाजिनः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• शोकाः: flames, blazing fires (lit. burnings)
• शोकाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक)

• भयन्ते: fear, are afraid
• भयन्ते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: भी (धातु)

• विश्वा: all
• विश्वा: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• भुवनानि: beings; worlds; creatures
• भुवनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: when; since; that which
• यत्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun/Conjunction
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अभ्राट्: shone forth, blazed
• अभ्राट्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: भ्राज् (धातु) + आङ्/अभि (उपसर्गभाव)