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Rig Veda 1.99.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 99, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.99

Devata: Agni (Jātavedas)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

जातवेदसे सुनवाम सोममरातीयतो नि दहाति वेदः । स नः पर्षदति दुर्गाणि विश्वा नावेव सिन्धुं दुरितात्यग्निः ॥

Transliteration

jātávedase sunavā́ma sómam arātīyató ní dahāti védaḥ | sá naḥ párṣad áti durgā́ṇi víśvā nā́veva síndhuṃ duritā́ty agníḥ ||

Translation

Kepada Jātavedas kami memerah Soma; Sang Mengetahui membakar habis kehendak yang memusuhi, yang memerangi kami. Semoga Agni menyeberangkan kami melampaui segala lintasan yang sukar, laksana perahu menyeberangi sungai, melampaui bahaya dan jalan yang sesat.

Word by Word
जातवेदसेto Jātavedas (Agni), the all-knowing/knower of births
जातवेदसे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootजातवेदस् (प्रातिपदिक) < जात (√जन्) + वेदस् (√विद्)
सुनवामlet us press/prepare
सुनवाम:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√सु (सवने/अभिषवे)
सोमम्Soma (the pressed juice)
सोमम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
अरातीयतःfrom the hostile/ill-willed (one)
अरातीयतः:
अपादान (भावार्थे: ‘from the hostile one’)
TypeParticiple (used adjectivally/substantively)
Rootअराति (प्रातिपदिक) + √इ (गत्यर्थ) → अरातीयत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ)
निdown, away; completely
नि:
(क्रिया-विशेषण) —
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
दहातिburns, consumes
दहाति:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√दह् (दाहे)
वेदःthe Knower (Agni)
वेदः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवेदस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √विद् (ज्ञाने)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःfor us / to us
नः:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
पर्षत्may (he) carry across
पर्षत्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√पॄ/पृ (पारणे/तरणे) → पर्षति (वैदिक)
अतिover, across
अति:
(क्रिया-विशेषण) —
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
दुर्गाणिdifficult passages, hardships
दुर्गाणि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वाall
विश्वा:
कर्म (विशेषणत्वेन)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
नावेवlike a boat
नावेव:
करण (उपमान-करणम्) / क्रिया-विशेषण
TypeNoun + Indeclinable (simile)
Rootनौ (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (अव्यय)
सिन्धुम्the river/stream
सिन्धुम्:
कर्म (उपमान-वाक्ये)
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
दुरितात्from distress/sin, from misfortune
दुरितात्:
अपादान
TypeNoun
Rootदुरित (प्रातिपदिक)
अतिbeyond, across
अति:
(क्रिया-विशेषण) —
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अग्निःAgni (Fire-god)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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