Rig Veda 1.102.5 — Mandala 1, Sukta 102, Mantra 5
Sukta 1.102
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नाना हि त्वा हवमाना जना इमे धनानां धर्तरवसा विपन्यवः । अस्माकं स्मा रथमा तिष्ठ सातये जैत्रं हीन्द्र निभृतं मनस्तव ॥
Transliteration
nānā́ hí tvā havamānā́ jánā imé dhánānāṃ dhartar ávasā vipányavaḥ | asmā́kaṃ smā rátham ā́ tíṣṭha sātáye jaitráṃ hí indra níbhṛtaṃ mánas táva ||
Translation
Sungguh banyaklah kaum ini yang menyeru-Mu, wahai penopang kelimpahan (dhanānāṃ dhartṛ), dengan tutur pujian yang mencari, demi pertolongan-Mu. Namun naiki ratha kami demi kemenangan—ratha penakluk; kerana, wahai Indra, kehendakmu (manas) tersimpan teguh.
Word by Word
नानाin many ways; variously
नाना:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना (avyaya-prātipadika)
हिindeed; for
हि:
Discourse particle
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (nipāta)
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
हवमानाःcalling; invoking
हवमानाः:
Kartā (with जना इमे)
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Root√ह्वे (ह्वयति) → हवमान (शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्यय, आत्मनेपदी भाव)
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
इमेthese
इमे:
Kartā (जनाः इमे) / deictic qualifier
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
धनानाम्of riches; of treasures
धनानाम्:
Genitive relation (सम्बन्ध) to धर्तॄन्
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
धर्तॄन्supporters; holders
धर्तॄन्:
Karma (object of ‘call’/‘invoke’ implied)
TypeNoun (agent)
Root√धृ → धर्तृ (कर्तृ-प्रातिपदिक)
अवसाwith help; by aid
अवसा:
Karaṇa (means: ‘with help’)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
विपन्यवःthe inspired/praising ones
विपन्यवः:
Kartā (apposition to जनाः)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविपन्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘praising/admiring, inspired’)
अस्माकम्of us; our
अस्माकम्:
Genitive relation (सम्बन्ध) to रथम्
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
स्मindeed; just
स्म:
Discourse particle
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म (nipāta)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma (goal with आ-तिष्ठ)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
आonto; towards
आ:
Preverb to तिष्ठ
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga)
तिष्ठmount; stand; take your place
तिष्ठ:
(to Indra) predicate; action
TypeVerb
Root√स्था (तिष्ठति)
सातयेfor winning; for gain
सातये:
Sampradāna/Purpose (dative of purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootसाति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘winning, gaining’)
जैत्रम्victorious
जैत्रम्:
Karma (predicate-accusative with मनः)
TypeAdjective
Rootजैत्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘victorious’)
हिfor; indeed
हि:
Discourse particle
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (nipāta)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Address (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
निभृतम्restrained; firmly held
निभृतम्:
Karma (qualifier of मनः)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootनि-√भृ → निभृत (कृदन्त/भूतकृदन्त; ‘held down, restrained, firm’)
मनःmind; resolve
मनः:
Karma (object/predicate complement in clause ‘… मनः तव’)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
तवyour
तव:
Genitive relation (सम्बन्ध) to मनः
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
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