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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 99, Shloka 1

Mahāpārśva-vadhaḥ — The Slaying of Mahāpārśva

Angada’s Counterstrike

Devanagari script

महोदरेतुनिहतेमहापार्श्वोमहाबलः ।सुग्रीवेणसमीक्ष्याथक्रोधात्सम्ररक्तलोचनः ।।।।अङ्गदस्यचमूंभीमांक्षोभयामाससायकैः ।

Transliteration

mahodare tu nihate mahāpārśvo mahābalaḥ |

sugrīveṇa samīkṣyātha krodhāt saṃraktalocanaḥ ||6.99.1||

aṅgadasya camūṃ bhīmāṃ kṣobhayām āsa sāyakaiḥ |

Translation

Tatkala Mahodara telah ditewaskan, Mahāpārśva yang maha perkasa, setelah melihat bahawa hal itu dilakukan oleh Sugrīva, matanya merah menyala kerana murka; lalu dengan anak panahnya ia mengacau-bilaukan bala tentera Angada yang menggerunkan.

Word by Word
महोदरेin/when Mahodara
महोदरे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमहोदर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; proper noun
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), adversative/emphatic
निहतेwhen (he was) slain
निहते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन् (धातु) + निहत (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular, Masculine; agreeing with महोदरे
महापार्श्वःMahāpārśva
महापार्श्वः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमहापार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; proper noun
महाबलःmighty
महाबलः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारय: महत् + बल (great + strength) qualifying महापार्श्वः
सुग्रीवेणby Sugrīva
सुग्रीवेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
समīkṣyahaving looked at/observed
समīkṣya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ईक्ष् (धातु) + समीक्ष्य (कृदन्त)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, ल्यप्), indeclinable; prior action
अथthen
अथ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
FormParticle/adverb (निपात) indicating sequence
क्रोधात्from anger
क्रोधात्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; cause/source
सम्रक्तलोचनःwith reddened eyes
सम्रक्तलोचनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्रक्त-लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; तत्पुरुष: सम्रक्तं लोचनं यस्य (eyes reddened) qualifying महापार्श्वः
अङ्गदस्यof Aṅgada
अङ्गदस्य:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गद (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
चमूम्army/troops
चमूम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootचमू (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
भीमाम्terrible
भीमाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootभीम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; agreeing with चमूम्
क्षोभयामासcaused to be shaken/disturbed
क्षोभयामास:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootक्षुभ् (धातु)
FormCausative (णिच्) stem क्षोभय-; Perfect-like periphrastic past (लिट्/परस्मैपद usage in epic), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada
सायकैःwith arrows
सायकैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसायक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural
Context

Gazing at Mahodara killed by Sugriva, mighty Mahaparsva's eyes turned red in anger. He created a commotion in the army of Angada.

Characters & Entities
M
Mahodara
M
Mahāpārśva
S
Sugrīva
A
Angada
A
Arrows (sāyaka)

FAQs

The verse warns how grief and anger rapidly turn into further violence; dharma calls for restraint and discernment, especially after loss.

After Mahodara is killed by Sugrīva, Mahāpārśva becomes enraged and retaliates by disrupting Angada’s forces with arrows.

From a moral lens, the highlighted trait is uncontrolled krodha; narratively, Mahāpārśva’s fierce retaliatory drive is foregrounded.

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