Shloka 1

त्र्यशीतितमः सर्गः (Sarga 83)

Hanumān Reports Sītā’s ‘Slaying’; Rāma Collapses; Lakṣmaṇa’s Counter-Discourse on Dharma and Artha

Devanagari script

राघवश्चापिविपुलंतंराक्षसवनौकसाम् ।श्रुत्वासङ्ग्रामनिर्घोषंजाम्बवन्तमुवाच ह ।।6.83.1।।

Transliteration

rāghavaś cāpi vipulaṃ taṃ rākṣasavanaukasām | śrutvā saṅgrāmanirghoṣaṃ jāmbavantam uvāca ha ||

Translation

Rāghava juga, setelah mendengar gegak-gempita perang yang dahsyat antara para Rākṣasa dan penghuni rimba (Vānara), lalu bersabda kepada Jāmbavān.

Word by Word

• राघवः: Rāghava (Rāma)
• राघवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अप्यर्थक निपात (also/even)

• विपुलम्: great/immense
• विपुलम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• तम्: that (sound)
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• राक्षसवनौकसाम्: of the rakṣasas and the forest-dwellers (vanaras)
• राक्षसवनौकसाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस + वनौकस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Gen), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वसमासः (राक्षसाश्च वनौकसश्च)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• सङ्ग्रामनिर्घोषम्: the roar of battle
• सङ्ग्रामनिर्घोषम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्ग्राम + निर्घोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सङ्ग्रामस्य निर्घोषः)

• जाम्बवन्तम्: Jāmbavān
• जाम्बवन्तम्: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाम्बवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• ह: indeed
• ह: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; स्मरण/वृत्तान्तसूचक निपात (expletive particle)

Context

Hearing the great noise of war between Rakshasas and Vanaras, Rama said to Jambavantha.

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava (Rāma)
• Jāmbavān
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rāja-dharma: a leader does not remain passive amid chaos; he seeks counsel and acts responsibly for the protection of allies.

What is the narrative situation?

As the battle intensifies, Rāma hears the uproar and turns to Jāmbavān for direction or information.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Attentive leadership—Rāma’s readiness to consult the wise and respond to events.