Shloka 33

लङ्कादाह-प्रचोदनं तथा वानर-राक्षस-समरारम्भः

The Burning of Lanka and the Outbreak of Battle

Devanagari script

प्रदग्धकायानपरान् राक्षसान्निर्गतान् बहिः ।सहसाभ्युत्पतन्तिस्महरयोऽथयुयुत्सवः ।।।।

Transliteration

pradagdhakāyān aparān rākṣasān nirgatān bahiḥ |

sahasābhyutpatanti sma harayo 'tha yuyutsavaḥ ||

Translation

Kemudian para wanara, bersemangat untuk bertempur, segera melompat menyerbu para raksasa—sebahagiannya bertubuh hangus—yang keluar ke tempat terbuka.

Word by Word

• प्रदग्धकायान्: having burnt bodies
• प्रदग्धकायान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रदग्ध + काय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (प्रदग्धः कायः येषाम्) विशेषणम् (राक्षसान्)

• अपरान्: other, remaining
• अपरान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (राक्षसान्)

• राक्षसान्: Rakshasas
• राक्षसान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन

• निर्गतान्: come out, emerged
• निर्गतान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्-√गम् (धातु) → निर्गत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (राक्षसान्)

• बहिः: outside
• बहिः: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहिः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (adverb: outside)

• सहसा: suddenly
• सहसा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: suddenly)

• अभ्युत्पतन्ति: leap upon, spring at
• अभ्युत्पतन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-उद्-√पत् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• स्म: indeed (narrative particle)
• स्म: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; भूतार्थ-सूचक/अनुस्मारक-निपात (particle indicating past narration)

• हरयः: monkeys
• हरयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), बहुवचन

• अथ: then
• अथ: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/समुच्चय-निपात (then/and)

• युयुत्सवः: eager to fight
• युयुत्सवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युध् (धातु) → युयुत्सु (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इच्छार्थक-प्रत्यय (सन्/त्सु), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्तृविशेषणम् (हरयः)

Context

And thereafter the monkeys who were eager to fight assailed the Rakshasas who came out suddenly unable to bear the burning of the bodies.

Characters & Entities

• Laṅkā
• Vānara forces (hari)
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

In dharmic warfare, force is directed toward ending aggression and restoring justice. The verse depicts active resistance against rākṣasa forces aligned with Rāvaṇa’s adharma, within the broader aim of re-establishing satya.

What is the narrative situation?

Rākṣasas, driven out by the fire and burning, emerge outside; the vānaras immediately engage them in combat.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Valor (śaurya) and readiness to protect the righteous cause—swift action against hostile forces.