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Shloka 72

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

ततस्तमादायतदा स मेनेहरीन्द्रमिन्द्रोपममिन्द्रवीर्यः ।अस्मिन् हतेसर्वमिदंहतंस्यात्सराघवंसैन्यमितीन्द्रशत्रुः ।।।।

tatas tam ādāya tadā sa mene harīndram indropamam indra-vīryaḥ |

asmin hate sarvam idaṃ hataṃ syāt sa-rāghavaṃ sainyam iti indra-śatruḥ ||

Setelah menangkapnya, musuh Indra—perkasa setara Indra—menilai raja kera Sugrīva bagaikan Indra: “Jika dia terbunuh, seolah-olah semuanya binasa, termasuk bala tentera Rāghava.”

tataḥthen/thereupon
tataḥ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
ādāyahaving seized
ādāya:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√dā (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), active sense; ‘having taken/seized’
tadāthen
tadā:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), temporal adverb (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
menethought/considered
mene:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√man (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
harīndramthe lord of monkeys (Sugriva)
harīndram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothari + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘harīṇām indraḥ’ (lord of monkeys)
indropamamlike Indra
indropamam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootindra + upama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; उपमान-तत्पुरुष: ‘indrasya upamaḥ’ = like Indra; qualifying harīndram
indravīryaḥof Indra-like valor
indravīryaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootindra + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; तत्पुरुष: ‘indrasya vīryam iva yasya’ (having Indra-like prowess); qualifying indraśatruḥ
asminin/when this one (him)
asmin:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
hate(when) killed
hate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Locative (7th), Singular, Masculine/Neuter; ‘when (he is) slain’
sarvamall
sarvam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st), Singular; qualifying idam
idamthis
idam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st), Singular
hatamdestroyed/slain
hatam:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative (1st), Singular; predicate with syāt
syātwould be
syāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada
sa-rāghavamtogether with Rama
sa-rāghavam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (अव्यय) + rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st), Singular; अव्ययीभाव: ‘rāghavena saha’ = together with Rāghava; qualifying sainyam
sainyamarmy
sainyam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsainya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st), Singular
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसमाप्ति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग) marking reported thought
indraśatruḥIndra’s enemy (Kumbhakarna)
indraśatruḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootindra + śatru (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘indrasya śatruḥ’ (enemy of Indra)

Then Kumbhakarna, an enemy of Indra, who was equal to Indra in heroism seizing Sugriva, the Indra of monkeys, who is equal to Indra, thought, 'If Sugriva is killed it is like killing all the army including Rama.'

K
Kumbhakarṇa
S
Sugrīva
R
Rāghava (Rāma)
V
Vānara army
I
Indra

FAQs

The verse foregrounds rāja-dharma and social ethics: the leader’s welfare is tied to the community’s stability, so protecting leadership becomes a collective duty in righteous governance and war.

Kumbhakarṇa reasons that killing Sugrīva would effectively break Rāma’s entire army by destroying its leadership and morale.

Sugrīva’s stature as a pillar of the alliance is emphasized—his leadership value is so central that his death is equated with the army’s ruin.