Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 36

कुम्भकर्णोपदेशः

Kumbhakarna’s Counsel and War-Boast to Ravana

Devanagari script

अद्यरामस्यतद्दृष्टवामयानीतंरणाच्छिरः ।सुखीभवमहाबाहो सीताभवतुदुःखिता ।।6.63.36।।

Transliteration

adya rāmasya tad dṛṣṭvā mayānītaṃ raṇāc chiraḥ | sukhī bhava mahābāho sītā bhavatu duḥkhitā ||6.63.36||

Translation

Hari ini, apabila kamu melihat aku membawa kepala Rama dari medan perang, bergembiralah, wahai yang berlengan gagah; biarkan Sita tenggelam dalam kesedihan.

Word by Word

• adya: today/now
• adya: Kāla-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• rāmasya: of Rama
• rāmasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); object of dṛṣṭvā (having seen that)

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), expressing prior action

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• nītam: brought
• nītam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nī (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying implied 'śiraḥ' in sense 'brought'

• raṇāt: from the battle
• raṇāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• śiraḥ: head
• śiraḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiras (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• sukhī: happy
• sukhī: Karta-prayojya-predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sukhin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicative complement with bhava

• bhava: be
• bhava: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• mahābāho: O mighty-armed one
• mahābāho: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahābāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• sītā: Sita
• sītā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhavatu: let (her) be
• bhavatu: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Imperative/benedictive sense (लोट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• duḥkhitā: sorrowful
• duḥkhitā: Karta-prayojya-predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicative complement of sītā with bhavatu

Context

"Be happy today, O Mighty armed brother! I will bring Rama's head from the battlefield. Sita will be sad. You will see."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights the opposite of dharma: rejoicing in another’s grief and boasting of violence. In the Ramayana’s ethical frame, dharma upholds restraint, compassion, and truthfulness—none of which are present in this taunt.

What is the narrative situation?

In the midst of the Laṅkā war, a Rākṣasa champion (likely Kumbhakarṇa) speaks to Rāvaṇa with confidence, claiming he will kill Rāma and bring back his head, thereby causing Sītā sorrow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not virtue but a vice is foregrounded: arrogance and cruelty (darpā/hiṃsā-pravṛtti), used to bolster morale through intimidation and psychological warfare.