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Shloka 3

चतुश्चत्वारिंशः सर्गः (Sarga 44): निशायुद्धम्, धूलिरुधिरप्रवाहः, इन्द्रजितो मायायुद्धम्

राक्षसोऽसीतिहरयोहरिश्चाऽसीतिराक्षसाः ।अन्योन्यंसमरेजघ्नुस्तस्मिंस्तमसिदारुणे ।।।।

rākṣaso'sīti harayo hariścā'sīti rākṣasāḥ | anyonyaṃ samare jaghnus tasmiṃs tamasi dāruṇe ||

Dalam kegelapan yang mengerikan itu, para vanara saling memukul kerana menyangka, “Dia rākṣasa”; dan para rākṣasa pula saling membunuh kerana menyangka, “Dia vanara,” maka huru-hara melanda medan perang.

rākṣasaḥ(he is) a Rakshasa
rākṣasaḥ:
Sambodhana/Quote (उक्ति; identification)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana (quoted identification)
asīti(you) are
asīti:
Kriyā (क्रिया; in quotation)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु; √as 'to be')
FormLiṅ-lakāra (Optative/विधिलिङ्) in reported speech? here used as 'you are'; Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada; with iti
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (उक्त्यर्थक)
harayaḥthe monkeys
harayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
hariḥa monkey
hariḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction
asīti(you) are
asīti:
Kriyā (क्रिया; in quotation)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
FormAs above; Madhyama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; with iti
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle
rākṣasāḥthe Rakshasas
rākṣasāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
anyonyaṃeach other
anyonyaṃ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanyonya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya used adverbially (mutually)
samarein battle
samare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootsamara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana
jaghnuḥstruck / slew
jaghnuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (Perfect/लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana; parasmaipada
tasminin that
tasmin:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana
tamasiin darkness
tamasi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Roottamas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana
dāruṇeterrible
dāruṇe:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdāruṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; adjective qualifying tamasi

In the fierce darkness that prevailed, monkeys hit monkeys thinking to be Rakshasas and Rakshasas hit Rakshasas thinking to be Vanaras (not knowing in darkness) hit each other.

V
Vānaras
R
Rākṣasas

FAQs

Dharma requires discernment (viveka): when clarity is lost, even allies can harm allies. The verse warns that ignorance and confusion breed adharma-like outcomes, even within a righteous cause.

A night battle becomes so dark and chaotic that both sides mistakenly attack their own, misidentifying friend as foe.

The implied virtue is vigilance and discrimination; the verse highlights the cost when these are absent.