Shloka 15

माल्यवानुपदेशः—रावणक्रोधः तथा लङ्काद्वाररक्षा-व्यवस्था

Malyavan’s Counsel, Ravana’s Anger, and the Fortification of Lanka

Devanagari script

जयाशिषाचराजानंवर्धयित्वायथोचितम् ।माल्यवानभ्यनुज्ञातोजगामस्वंनिवेशनम् ।।।।

Transliteration

jayāśiṣā ca rājānaṃ vardhayitvā yathocitam |

mālyavān abhyanujñāto jagāma svaṃ niveśanam ||

Translation

Menurut adat yang wajar, Mālyavān memanjatkan berkat kemenangan kepada raja; setelah diizinkan berundur, dia kembali ke kediamannya sendiri.

Word by Word

• जयाशिषा: with a victory-blessing
• जयाशिषा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जय + आशिष् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (जयस्य आशिषा = with blessing of victory); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• राजानम्: the king
• राजानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• वर्धयित्वा: having praised/commended
• वर्धयित्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), णिच् (causative) भावः; ‘having praised/caused to prosper’

• यथोचितम्: as appropriate
• यथोचितम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा + उचित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययवत् (as is proper)

• माल्यवान्: Malyavan
• माल्यवान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माल्यवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अभ्यनुज्ञातः: having been permitted
• अभ्यनुज्ञातः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-अनु-ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘having been permitted’

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• स्वम्: his own
• स्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; निवेशनम् इति विशेषणम्

• निवेशनम्: dwelling/house
• निवेशनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निवेशन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

Context

Ravana then held discussions with his companions and ministers and made unequalled arrangements for (safety of) Lanka.

Characters & Entities

• Mālyavān
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Even amid conflict, dharma includes proper conduct and speech; Mālyavān maintains decorum and exits without disorder.

What is the narrative situation?

Mālyavān ends the tense exchange by offering formal blessings and departs from the royal presence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respectful propriety and self-control—upholding etiquette even when counsel fails.