Shloka 4

आदित्यहृदयम्

Aditya Hridayam Upadeśa — Agastya’s Instruction to Rāma

Devanagari script

आदित्यहृदयंपुण्यंसर्वशत्रुविनाशनम् ।जयावहंजपेन्नित्यमक्षय्यंपरमंशिवम् ।।6.107.4।।सर्वमङ्गलमङ्गल्यंसर्वपापप्रणाशनम् ।चिन्ताशोकप्रशमनमायुर्वर्धनमुत्तमम् ।।6.107.5।।

Transliteration

āditya-hṛdayaṃ puṇyaṃ sarva-śatru-vināśanam |

jayāvahaṃ japen nityaṃ akṣayyaṃ paramaṃ śivam ||6.107.4||

sarva-maṅgala-maṅgalyaṃ sarva-pāpa-praṇāśanam |

cintā-śoka-praśamanaṃ āyur-vardhanam uttamam ||6.107.5||

Translation

“Āditya-hṛdaya, ‘Hati Sang Surya’ yang suci, memusnahkan segala musuh. Bacalah sentiasa: ia membawa kemenangan, tidak pernah luput, dan amat membawa keberkatan. Ia paling mulia antara segala kebaikan, menghapus dosa, menenangkan resah dan dukacita, serta menambah usia dan kekuatan.”

Word by Word

• आदित्यहृदयम्: Aditya-hridaya (Sun’s heart hymn)
• आदित्यहृदयम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य + हृदय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular neuter; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (आदित्यस्य हृदयम्)

• पुण्यम्: holy
• पुण्यम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular neuter; विशेषणम् (qualifying आदित्यहृदयम्)

• सर्वशत्रुविनाशनम्: destroyer of all enemies
• सर्वशत्रुविनाशनम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + शत्रु + विनाशन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular neuter; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सर्वेषां शत्रूणां विनाशनम्) विशेषणम्

• जयावहम्: bringing victory
• जयावहम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जय + आवह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular neuter; उपपद-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयार्थ (जयम् आवहति इति) विशेषणम्

• जपेत्: should recite
• जपेत्: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जप् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; 2nd person singular optative (should recite)

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण/adverb)

• अक्षय्यम्: imperishable
• अक्षय्यम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्षय्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular neuter; विशेषणम् (qualifying आदित्यहृदयम्)

• परमम्: supreme
• परमम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular neuter; विशेषणम् (qualifying शिवम्/आदित्यहृदयम्)

• शिवम्: auspicious
• शिवम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative singular neuter; विशेषणम् (auspicious)

Context

Then Rama endowed with extra ordinary energy having heard Agastya, was very delighted and stopped worry. He remembered Aditya and chanted in his mind.

Characters & Entities

• Āditya-hṛdaya
• Āditya (Sun)
• Rāma
• Agastya

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes inner purification and steadiness: spiritual practice is presented as a legitimate support for righteous duty, especially when facing overwhelming adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Agastya formally introduces the Āditya-hṛdaya and describes its effects—victory, removal of grief, and renewed vitality—so that Rāma can proceed to the final battle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Faith joined with responsibility: the hymn is not escapism, but a means to regain clarity and strength to perform one’s duty.