Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 9, Shloka 40

पुष्पकविमानवर्णनम्

Description of the Pushpaka Vimana and Ravana’s Inner Palace

Devanagari script

इति चामन्यत श्रीमानुपपत्त्या महाकपिः।मेने हि गुणतस्तानि समानि सलिलोद्भवैः।।5.9.40।।

Transliteration

iti cāmanyata śrīmān upapattyā mahākapiḥ |

mene hi guṇatas tāni samāni salilodbhavaiḥ ||5.9.40||

Translation

Demikianlah Mahakapi yang mulia itu menimbang dengan pertimbangan yang tepat; baginda menganggap bahawa pada sifat-sifatnya, wajah-wajah itu benar-benar sebanding dengan teratai yang lahir dari air.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-समाप्ति सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta/quotative particle (निपात, इत्यर्थे)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• अमन्यत: thought/considered
• अमन्यत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; धातु: मन् (मन्यते)

• श्रीमान्: illustrious
• श्रीमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रीमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying महाकपिः)

• उपपत्त्या: by (sound) reasoning/ascertainment
• उपपत्त्या: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपपत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन; करण/हेतु-अर्थे (instrumental: by means of reasoning/ascertainment)

• महाकपिः: the great monkey (Hanuman)
• महाकपिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाकपि (प्रातिपदिक: महा + कपि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; समास: कर्मधारय (महान् कपिः)

• मेने: he thought
• मेने: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; धातु: मन् (मन्यते)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis/indeed

• गुणतः: by qualities / in terms of qualities
• गुणतः: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः (ablative used adverbially: 'in respect of qualities')

• तानि: those
• तानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• समानि: similar/equal
• समानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), बहुवचन; विशेषण (तानि)

• सलिलोद्भवैः: with/by water-born (lotuses)
• सलिलोद्भवैः: Upamana/Instrument (उपमान/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सलिलोद्भव (प्रातिपदिक: सलिल + उद्भव)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), बहुवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सलिलात् उद्भवः = water-born)

Context

Searching the excellent residences of important demons, Hanuman finally reached the palace of the lord of ogres guarded by armed demons with elephants with two or three or four tusks.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān (mahākapi)
• lotuses (salilodbhava)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is linked to satya through upapatti (sound reasoning): a disciplined mind tests impressions and forms judgments responsibly, not impulsively.

What is the narrative situation?

After a chain of lotus similes describing the sleeping women, Hanumān internally confirms the comparison as valid based on shared qualities.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Discernment (viveka): Hanumān’s capacity to reason carefully even in a covert, high-risk setting.