Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 6, Shloka 11

राक्षसेन्द्रनिवेशनविचारः

Survey of Ravana’s Residence and Lanka’s Inner Quarters

Devanagari script

तद्राजगुणसम्पन्नं मुख्यैश्चागुरुचन्दनैः।महाजनैः समाकीर्णां सिंहैरिव महद्वनम्।।।।

Transliteration

tad rājaguṇasampannaṃ mukhyaiś cāgurucandanaiḥ |

mahājanaiḥ samākīrṇaṃ siṃhair iva mahad vanam ||5.6.11||

Translation

Tempat itu seakan memiliki segala sifat diraja, harum dengan agaru dan cendana pilihan, serta dipenuhi para bangsawan terkemuka—bagaikan rimba luas yang sesak oleh singa.

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; निर्देशक (that)

• राज-गुण-सम्पन्नम्: endowed with royal qualities
• राज-गुण-सम्पन्नम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राज (प्रातिपदिक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक) + सम् + पद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त/PPP ‘सम्पन्न’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) ‘राजगुणैः सम्पन्नम्’

• मुख्यैः: eminent
• मुख्यैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंस, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; (अगुरुचन्दनैः/महाजनैः) इत्यादि सह

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• अगुरु-चन्दनैः: with agaru and sandalwood
• अगुरु-चन्दनैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अगुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + चन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः) ‘अगुरु च चन्दनं च’

• महाजनैः: by great people
• महाजनैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• समाकीर्णाम्: filled (it)
• समाकीर्णाम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + आ + कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त/PPP ‘समाकीर्ण’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; (लङ्का/पुरी/नगरी) इति स्त्रीलिङ्ग-विशेष्यं गृहीतम्

• सिंहैः: by lions
• सिंहैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• इव: like
• इव: उपमान-निर्देशक (Simile marker/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• महत्: great, huge
• महत्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; वनम् इति विशेषणम्

• वनम्: forest
• वनम्: उपमान (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपमानम्

Context

The place was full of eminent demons with royal traits like a dense forest infested with lions. It carried the fragrance of agaru and sandal of good quality.

Characters & Entities

• agaru
• candana (sandal)
• Rāvaṇa’s palace

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse supports a Ramayana theme: appearances of ‘royal virtue’ can be simulated by power and wealth; dharma must be judged by conduct, especially restraint and justice.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration continues describing the palace—its fragrance, its elite occupants, and its intimidating atmosphere.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Alertness and moral clarity in the midst of intimidating power-structures.