Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 46, Shloka 13

षट्चत्वारिंशः सर्गः

Ravana Deploys Five Generals; Hanuman Destroys the Commanders and the Remaining Host

Devanagari script

कामं लोकास्त्रयस्सेन्द्रास्ससुरासुरमानवाः।।।।भवतामग्रतः स्थातुं न पर्याप्ता रणाजिरे।

Transliteration

kāmaṃ lokās trayas sendrāḥ sasurāsuramānavāḥ |

bhavatām agrataḥ sthātuṃ na paryāptā raṇājire ||

Translation

Sesungguhnya, sekalipun tiga alam—bersama Indra, para dewa, asura dan manusia—tidaklah memadai untuk berdiri menghadapi kamu di medan perang.

Word by Word

• कामम्: indeed; even if
• कामम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्योपपादक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कामम् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-निबद्ध)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), निपात/अवधारणार्थक (particle of emphasis: 'indeed/if you please')

• लोकाः: worlds
• लोकाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक/संख्याशब्द)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective)

• सेन्द्राः: with Indra (including Indra)
• सेन्द्राः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः: स (सहित) + इन्द्र (Indra) = 'with Indra' (सह-तत्पुरुष)

• ससुरासुरमानवाः: gods, demons, and humans
• ससुरासुरमानवाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरा + असुर + मानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व: सुराः + असुराः + मानवाः (gods, demons, humans)

• भवताम्: of you; your
• भवताम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम-प्राय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; आदरार्थे 'भवत्' (honorific 'you')

• अग्रतः: in front
• अग्रतः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), क्रियाविशेषण (adverb): 'in front/before'

• स्थातुम्: to stand
• स्थातुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Infinitival purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive), 'to stand'

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्योपपादक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), निषेध (negation particle)

• पर्याप्ताः: capable; sufficient
• पर्याप्ताः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर्याप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• रणाजिरे: in the battlefield
• रणाजिरे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण + अजिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: रणस्य अजिरम् = रणाजिरम् ('battlefield')

Context

"Even Indra, suras, asuras and humans and the three worlds together are incompetent to stand before you in a battlefield.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Indra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Leadership uses speech to strengthen morale; however, dharmic leadership aligns encouragement with righteous ends, not mere pride.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa boosts the confidence of his forces by claiming even cosmic powers could not withstand them in battle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Morale-building and command presence (though ethically ambiguous in service of adharma).