Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 8

मन्त्रिणां सुतयुद्धम्

Battle with the Sons of the Ministers

Devanagari script

अवकीर्णस्ततस्ताभिर्हनुमान्शरवृष्टिभिः।अभवत्संवृताकारश्शैलराडिव वृष्टिभिः।।।।

Transliteration

avakīrṇas tatas tābhir hanumān śaravṛṣṭibhiḥ |

abhavat saṃvṛtākāraḥ śailarāḍ iva vṛṣṭibhiḥ ||

Translation

Lalu Hanumān diselubungi sepenuhnya oleh hujan panah mereka; rupanya tertutup seluruhnya—bagaikan raja gunung yang diliputi hujan lebat.

Word by Word

• अवकीर्णः: covered/scattered over
• अवकीर्णः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √कॄ/√कीर्? (धातु; here from √कॄ/√किर् 'to scatter') + अव-उपसर्ग + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; हनुमान् इति विशेषण

• ततः: then
• ततः: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• ताभिः: by them
• ताभिः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instr/3rd), बहुवचन

• हनुमान्: Hanuman
• हनुमान्: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनूमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom/1st), एकवचन

• शर-वृष्टिभिः: by showers of arrows
• शर-वृष्टिभिः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक) + वृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास ('shower of arrows'), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instr/3rd), बहुवचन

• अभवत्: became/appeared
• अभवत्: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु) + लङ् (Imperfect)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• संवृत-आकारः: with his form covered
• संवृत-आकारः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संवृत (कृदन्त; √वृ, क्त; सम्-उपसर्ग) + आकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास ('having a covered form'), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; हनुमान् इति विशेषण

• शैल-राट्: the king of mountains
• शैल-राट्: उपमान (Upamāna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैल (प्रातिपदिक) + राट्/राज् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास ('king of mountains'), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमान

• इव: like
• इव: उपमान-प्रदर्शक (Upamā marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (comparative particle)

• वृष्टिभिः: by rains/showers
• वृष्टिभिः: करण (Karaṇa; comparison basis)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instr/3rd), बहुवचन

Context

Later, Hanuman covered with showers of arrows scattered all over appeared like the king of mountains shot with showers of rain.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Steadfastness under assault: righteous resolve does not collapse when faced with suffering; endurance supports dharmic purpose.

What is the narrative situation?

In Laṅkā, Hanumān is attacked by rākṣasa warriors who rain arrows upon him, momentarily obscuring his body.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kṣānti and dhairya (forbearance and courage): Hanumān remains unshaken even when his body is covered by arrows.