Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 23

अभिज्ञानदानम् / The Gift of Recognition

Sita’s Token and Resolve

Devanagari script

यथा च स महाबाहुर्मां तारयति राघवः।अस्माद्दु:खाम्बुसम्रोधात्त्वं समाधातुमर्हसि।।5.40.23।।

Transliteration

yathā ca sa mahābāhur māṃ tārayati rāghavaḥ |

asmād duḥkhāmbusamrodhāt tvaṃ samādhātum arhasi ||5.40.23||

Translation

Hendaklah engkau mengusahakannya sedemikian rupa agar Rāghava yang berlengan perkasa dapat menyelamatkanku dari benteng duka ini—seakan banjir kesedihan mengepungku.

Word by Word

• yathā: as/how
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb/conjunction), प्रकारार्थे (in such a way as)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• mahā-bāhuḥ: mighty-armed
• mahā-bāhuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• tārayati: will help cross / rescues
• tārayati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tṝ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच् (causative) = 'causes to cross/rescues'

• rāghavaḥ: Rāma
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• asmāt: from this
• asmāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), एकवचन

• duḥkha-ambu-samrodhāt: from the ocean of sorrow
• duḥkha-ambu-samrodhāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duḥkha + ambu + samrodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (ocean/barrier of sorrow-water)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन

• samādhātum: to make efforts/arrange
• samādhātum: Kriyā-artha (क्रियार्थ/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā√dhā (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive); अर्थे: 'to set right/arrange/undertake'

• arhasi: ought to / are fit to
• arhasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: arh (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

"You should make efforts in such a manner that the mighty-armed Rama will help me in crossing the cean of sorrow.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Hanumān
• Rāma (Rāghava)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is purposeful effort in a righteous mission: Hanumān is urged to act effectively so justice (rescue of the innocent) can be fulfilled.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā requests Hanumān to ensure that Rāma is enabled to rescue her from her overwhelming grief and captivity.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s initiative and strategic competence; Rāma’s protective duty toward the wronged.