Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 31, Shloka 13

सुन्‍दरकाण्डे एकत्रिंशः सर्गः

Hanuman’s Sweet Address to Sita and Sita’s Recognition

Devanagari script

सुग्रीवेणापि सन्दिष्टा हरयः कामरूपिणः।।।।दिक्षु सर्वासु तां देवीं विचिन्वन्ति सहस्रशः।

Transliteration

sugrīveṇāpi sandiṣṭā harayaḥ kāmarūpiṇaḥ |

dikṣu sarvāsu tāṃ devīṃ vicinvanti sahasraśaḥ ||

Translation

Atas titah Sugrīva, ribuan wanara yang mampu berubah rupa sesuka hati pun menyusuri segala penjuru, mencari Dewi mulia itu.

Word by Word

• सुग्रीवेण: by Sugriva
• सुग्रीवेण: कर्ता (Agent in passive with sandiṣṭāḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्यय (also/even)

• सन्दिष्टाः: were instructed
• सन्दिष्टाः: क्रिया (Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√दिश् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), प्रथमा, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; 'ordered/instructed'

• हरयः: monkeys (vanaras)
• हरयः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• काम-रूपिणः: shape-shifting at will
• काम-रूपिणः: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक) + रूपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; हरयः इति विशेषण

• दिक्षु: in the directions
• दिक्षु: अधिकरण (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• सर्वासु: in all
• सर्वासु: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; दिक्षु इति विशेषण

• ताम्: that (her)
• ताम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• देवीम्: the lady/queen
• देवीम्: कर्म (Object; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; ताम् इति समानाधिकरण

• विचिन्वन्ति: search for
• विचिन्वन्ति: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√चि (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• सहस्रशः: in thousands
• सहस्रशः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहस्रशस् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार/परिमाणवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: by thousands)

Context

"On hearing the words of Sampati I leaped the wide ocean swiftly crossing a hundred yojanas in quest of the large-eyed Sita.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• monkeys (Harayaḥ)
• Sītā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is collective responsibility: a ruler and his followers mobilize in service of truth and justice, not for private gain.

What is the narrative situation?

The vānaras are dispatched across the world to search for Sītā under Sugrīva’s command.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s leadership and the vānaras’ disciplined obedience and dedication.