Previous Verse
Next Verse

Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 19, Shloka 19

सीताव्यथा

वर्णनम् / Sītā’s Distress and Rāvaṇa’s Attempt at Coercive Allurement

गृहीतामालितां स्तम्भे यूथपेन विनाकृताम्।निःश्वसन्तीं सुदुःखार्तां गजराजवधूमिव।।।।

gṛhītām ālitāṃ stambhe yūthapena vinākṛtām |

niḥśvasantīṃ suduḥkhārtāṃ gajarājavadhūm iva ||

Dia menghela nafas dalam dukacita yang amat, bagaikan gajah betina diraja yang terikat pada tiang, terpisah daripada ketua kawanan.

gṛhītāmseized/held
gṛhītām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√grah (धातु) + gṛhīta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle)
ālitāmtied/fastened
ālitām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√lī (धातु) + ālita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (tied/fastened)
stambheon/at the pillar
stambhe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootstambha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (locative singular)
yūthapenaby the leader of the herd
yūthapena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyūthapa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (instrumental singular)
vināwithout
vinā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपसर्गार्थक-निपात (preposition/particle) = 'without'
kṛtāmmade (to be) without; separated
kṛtām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√kṛ (धातु) + kṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; 'vinā' इत्यनेन सह = 'made to be without/separated'
niḥśvasantīmsighing heavily
niḥśvasantīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√śvas (धातु) + niḥ- (उपसर्ग)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present active participle)
suduḥkhārtāmextremely afflicted with grief
suduḥkhārtām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (duḥkhena ārtaḥ) + 'su' उपसर्गेण तीव्रता
gajarāja-vadhūma royal elephant-cow (queen elephant)
gajarāja-vadhūm:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootgaja (प्रातिपदिक) + rāja (प्रातिपदिक) + vadhū (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (gajarājasya vadhūḥ)
ivalike/as
iva:
Upamana-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा-वाचक निपात (comparative particle)

On just seeing Ravana, the lord of demons from a distance, adorned with the best of ornaments the charming, young, blameles princess Vaidehi of beautiful waist trembled like a banana plant shaken by a strong wind.

FAQs

To bind and isolate the innocent is adharma. Dharma upholds freedom, protection, and rightful companionship; the verse condemns coercive captivity through a poignant animal analogy.

Sītā’s helpless confinement and grief are described as she languishes in Laṅkā, separated from Rāma.

Loyalty and steadfastness: her sorrow is the sorrow of separation, implying unwavering attachment to her rightful lord and to satya.