Shloka 1

अङ्गदोपदेशः समुद्रदर्शन-विषादश्च

Angada’s Counsel and the Vanaras’ Despondency at the Ocean

Devanagari script

आख्याता गृध्रराजेन समुत्प्लुत्य प्लवङ्गमाः।सङ्गताः प्रीतिसंयुक्ता विनेदुर्भीमविक्रमाः।।।।

Transliteration

ākhyātā gṛdhrarājena samutplutya plavaṅgamāḥ |

saṅgatāḥ prītisaṃyuktā vinedur bhīmavikramāḥ ||

Translation

Dipandu oleh raja burung hering, para plavaṅgama yang gagah berhimpun; melompat dalam sukacita, mereka yang berkeperkasaan menggerunkan pun bersorak dengan gembira.

Word by Word

• आख्याताः: having been informed/directed
• आख्याताः: Karta (कर्ता; with plavaṅgamāḥ as understood subject; participle agreeing)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + ख्या (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; 'आख्याताः' = informed/directed

• गृध्रराजेन: by the king of vultures
• गृध्रराजेन: Karana (करण/Instrument; agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृध्रराज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'गृध्राणां राजा'

• समुत्प्लुत्य: having leapt up
• समुत्प्लुत्य: Kriya (क्रिया; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्लु (धातु) उपसर्ग: सम् + उत् + क्त्वा (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive), पूर्वकाल

• प्लवङ्गमाः: monkeys
• प्लवङ्गमाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्लवङ्गम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• सङ्गताः: assembled
• सङ्गताः: Karta (कर्ता; adjectival to plavaṅgamāḥ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'assembled'

• प्रीतिसंयुक्ताः: filled with joy
• प्रीतिसंयुक्ताः: Karta (कर्ता; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रीति (प्रातिपदिक) + संयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक; from युज् + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'प्रीत्या संयुक्ताः' (endowed with joy)

• विनेदुः: roared/cried out
• विनेदुः: Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नद् (धातु) उपसर्ग: वि
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• भीमविक्रमाः: of terrible prowess
• भीमविक्रमाः: Karta (कर्ता; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक) + विक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: 'भीमः विक्रमः येषां ते'

Context

Hearing the words spoken by the king of vultures, the highly courageous monkeys assembled together and leaped with joy-screaming.

Characters & Entities

• Sampāti (gṛdhrarāja)
• vānaras (plavaṅgamas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in action is coordinated effort toward a righteous goal; joy here arises from renewed direction and shared commitment.

What is the narrative situation?

After Sampāti’s guidance, the vānaras regroup with renewed enthusiasm, leaping and shouting in joy.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Team solidarity and disciplined readiness—coming together promptly when a clear path of action is given.