Shloka 22

महाभिषेकः

Sugriva’s Coronation and Angada’s Installation

Devanagari script

प्रविश्य त्वभिनिष्क्रान्तं सुग्रीवं प्लवगेश्वरम्।।अभ्यषिञ्चन्त सुहृदस्सहस्राक्षमिवामराः।

Transliteration

praviśya tv abhiniṣkrāntaṁ sugrīvaṁ plavageśvaram | abhyaṣiñcanta suhṛdaḥ sahasrākṣam ivāmarāḥ ||

Translation

Tatkala Sugrīva, tuan para Vānara, telah masuk lalu keluar kembali, para sahabatnya menabalkan baginda dengan upacara suci—sebagaimana para dewa menabalkan Sahasrākṣa (Indra).

Word by Word

• प्रविश्य: having entered
• प्रविश्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pra-√viś (धातु) + ल्यप् (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यपन्त अव्यय (gerund): ‘प्रविश्य’ = having entered

• तु: then/and
• तु: Discourse particle (वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधान/विरोध/अन्वयार्थक (particle: and/then/but)

• अभिनिष्क्रान्तम्: having come out/returned
• अभिनिष्क्रान्तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: abhi-nis-√kram (धातु) + kta (क्त) (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘सुग्रीवम्’ इति विशेषणम्; अर्थः ‘बाहिर् निष्क्रान्त’ (come out/returned)

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्लवग-ईश्वरम्: lord of the monkeys
• प्लवग-ईश्वरम्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaga (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: प्लवगानाम् ईश्वरः; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘सुग्रीवम्’ इति समानाधिकरण-विशेषण

• अभ्यषिञ्चन्त: consecrated/anointed
• अभ्यषिञ्चन्त: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√sic (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; उपसर्गः अभि; अर्थः ‘अभिषेकं कृतवन्तः’

• सुहृदः: friends/allies
• सुहृदः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suhṛd (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्तृपदम्

• सहस्राक्षम्: Indra (the thousand-eyed)
• सहस्राक्षम्: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sahasra (प्रातिपदिक) + akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि: सहस्रम् अक्षाणि यस्य (Indra); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपमानपदम्

• इव: like
• इव: Upama-marker (उपमा-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, उपमावाचक (comparative particle)

• अमराः: the gods
• अमराः: Upameya (उपमेय/तुल्य-कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: amara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; उपमेय-कर्तृसमानार्थे (as comparand: the gods)

Context

With Sugriva,the lord of the monkeys, returned to Kishkinda, his kith and kin coronated him just as the gods consecrated the thousand-eyed Indra.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Indra (Sahasrākṣa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Legitimacy through ritual and communal assent: consecration symbolizes rightful rule grounded in recognized order, not mere force.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva is ceremonially installed as king by his allies and relatives, paralleling Indra’s divine coronation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Communal fidelity and support—Sugrīva’s circle upholds stable governance through formal rites.