Shloka 36

वालिनः और्ध्वदैहिकम्

Vali’s Funeral Rites and the Consolation of the Bereaved

Devanagari script

पुलिने गिरिनद्यास्तु विविक्ते जलसंवृते4.25.36।।चितां चक्रुस्सुबहवो वानराश्शोककर्शिता:।

Transliteration

puline girinadyās tu vivikte jalasaṁvṛte || 4.25.36 ||

citāṁ cakruḥ subahavo vānarāḥ śokakarśitāḥ |

Translation

Dilanda dukacita, ramai wanara menyiapkan sebuah unggun pembakaran jenazah di beting pasir sungai gunung, di tempat sunyi yang dilingkari aliran air.

Word by Word

• पुलिने: on the sandbank
• पुलिने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुलिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन

• गिरि-नद्याः: of the mountain-stream
• गिरि-नद्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरि (प्रातिपदिक) + नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (determinative: ‘गिरेः नदी’); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• तु: indeed / but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोध (particle: but/indeed)

• विविक्ते: in a secluded (place)
• विविक्ते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying पुलिने)

• जल-संवृते: surrounded by water
• जल-संवृते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जल (प्रातिपदिक) + संवृत (√वृ, कृदन्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative: ‘जलेन संवृत’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying पुलिने)

• चिताम्: a funeral pyre
• चिताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• चक्रुः: made / prepared
• चक्रुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• सु-बहवः: very many
• सु-बहवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (intensifying: ‘अतिबहवः’); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying वानराः)

• वानराः: monkeys
• वानराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• शोक-कर्शिताः: afflicted by grief
• शोक-कर्शिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्शित (√कृश्, कृदन्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative: ‘शोकेन कर्शित’); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying वानराः)

Context

Tormented with tears, the monkeys prepared in a solitary place surrounded by waters a pyre on the sandbank of a mountain stream.

Characters & Entities

• vānarāḥ (monkeys)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is fulfilled through proper funerary preparation: selecting an appropriate place and performing the rite despite sorrow, reflecting duty toward the departed.

What is the narrative situation?

The vānara community chooses a secluded riverbank area and constructs the pyre for Vāli’s cremation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance in duty—carrying out necessary rites even when emotionally overwhelmed.