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Valmiki Ramayana 1.43.39: Bala Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 39

गङ्गावतरणम्

The Descent of the Gaṅgā and Bhagiratha’s Fulfilment

जगाम च पुनर्गङ्गा भगीरथरथानुगा।सागरं चापि सम्प्राप्ता सा सरित्प्रवरा तदा।।।।रसातलमुपागच्छत्सिद्ध्यर्थं तस्य कर्मण:।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.43.39

jagāma ca punar gaṅgā bhagīratha-rathānugā |

sāgaraṃ cāpi samprāptā sā sarit-pravarā tadā |

rasātalam upāgacchat siddhy-arthaṃ tasya karmaṇaḥ ||

Gaṅgā pun berangkat lagi, mengikuti kereta Bhagīratha. Setelah sampai ke lautan, sungai yang termulia itu lalu memasuki Rasātala, demi menyempurnakan usaha sucinya.

जगामwent/proceeded
जगाम:
क्रिया (Main action)
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
and
:
समुच्चय (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
गङ्गाGaṅgā
गङ्गा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग
भगीरथरथानुगाfollowing Bhagiratha's chariot
भगीरथरथानुगा:
कर्ता (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootभगीरथ + रथ + अनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (determinative: 'following Bhagiratha's chariot'); प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; विशेषणम् to गङ्गा
सागरम्the ocean
सागरम्:
कर्म (Karma/Goal)
TypeNoun
Rootसागर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग
and
:
समुच्चय (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
अपिalso
अपि:
क्रियाविशेषण (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अप्यर्थ (also/even)
सम्प्राप्ताhaving reached
सम्प्राप्ता:
क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√प्राप् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (Past participle/क्त), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; कर्तरि-प्रयोगे विधेय (predicate) to सा/गङ्गा
साshe
सा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग
सरित्प्रवराthe best of rivers
सरित्प्रवरा:
कर्ता (Subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootसरित् + प्रवरा (प्रातिपदिके)
Formतत्पुरुष (determinative: 'best of rivers'); प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; अप्पोजिशन to सा/गङ्गा
तदाthen
तदा:
कालाधिकरण (Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक (temporal adverb)
रसातलम्Rasātala (netherworld)
रसातलम्:
कर्म (Goal)
TypeNoun
Rootरसातल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग
उपागच्छत्reached/went to
उपागच्छत्:
क्रिया (Main action)
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-√गम् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
सिद्ध्यर्थम्for (the) fulfillment/success
सिद्ध्यर्थम्:
प्रयोजन (Purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्धि + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिके)
Formचतुर्थी-तत्पुरुष (purpose: 'for the sake of success'); द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative used adverbially), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (अर्थ-शब्दः पुंलिङ्ग)
तस्यof him/of that
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग
कर्मणःof (his) act/undertaking
कर्मणः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

Ganga, best among rivers, following the chariot of Bhagiratha, reached the ocean. She entered the nether regions of the earth in order to fulfil his mission (salvation of the sons of Sagara).

G
Gaṅgā
B
Bhagīratha
S
Sāgara (ocean)
R
Rasātala

FAQs

Perseverance in righteous duty: dharma is fulfilled not by beginning well, but by completing the obligation—here, the mission to aid ancestors and uphold truth of purpose.

After being released by Jahnu, Gaṅgā continues with Bhagīratha, reaches the ocean, and descends into the nether regions to accomplish the goal connected with his rite.

Bhagīratha’s unwavering follow-through (kṛta-niścaya) toward a dharmic end.

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