Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 16, Shloka 8

पायसप्रादुर्भावः

The Manifestation of the Divine Payasa and the Avatara Resolution

Devanagari script

इत्येतद्वचनं श्रुत्वा सुराणां विष्णुरात्मवान्।पितरं रोचयामास तदा दशरथं नृपम्।।।।

Transliteration

ity etad vacanaṁ śrutvā surāṇāṁ viṣṇur ātmavān | pitaraṁ rocayāmāsa tadā daśarathaṁ nṛpam ||

Translation

Mendengar kata-kata para dewa itu, Viṣṇu yang berjiwa teguh lalu memperkenankan Raja Daśaratha sebagai ayahanda-Nya.

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha/Discourse marker (सम्बन्ध/वाक्योपसंहार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/quotative (इति-प्रयोगः), indeclinable (अव्यय)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म) [qualifier of vacanam]
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally (विशेषण)

• vacanam: words/speech
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म) [object of śrutvā]
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriyā (क्रिया) [prior action to main verb]
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (श्रु धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/gerund (क्त्वान्त), ‘having heard’ (पूर्वकालिक क्रिया)

• surāṇām: of the gods
• surāṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) [‘of the gods’ with vacanam]
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• viṣṇuḥ: Viṣṇu
• viṣṇuḥ: Karta (कर्ता) [subject of rocayāmāsa]
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ātmavān: self-possessed/wise
• ātmavān: Karta (कर्ता) [qualifier of viṣṇuḥ]
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ātmavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); possessive adjective (मतुप्-अन्त)

• pitaram: the father
• pitaram: Karma (कर्म) [object of rocayāmāsa]
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (पितृ प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• rocayāmāsa: made (him) consent/pleased
• rocayāmāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ruc (रुच् धातु) + ṇic (णिच् causative) + liṭ (लिट्)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); causative sense ‘caused to approve/pleased’

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of time (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• daśaratham: Daśaratha
• daśaratham: Karma (कर्म) [apposition with nṛpam; object of rocayāmāsa]
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• nṛpam: king
• nṛpam: Karma (कर्म) [in apposition]
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); appositional (समानााधिकरण) to daśaratham

Characters & Entities

• Viṣṇu
• gods (surāḥ)
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Divine intervention in the Ramayana is framed as the restoration of Dharma through rightful lineage and lawful incarnation, not arbitrary force.

What is the narrative situation?

After the gods appeal for relief from Rāvaṇa, Viṣṇu decides to be born in the human royal line through Daśaratha.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s suitability as a righteous householder-king is implied—fit to be father to the upholder of maryādā.