Shloka 13

कबन्धमोक्षः—सुग्रीवमैत्र्युपदेशः

Kabandha’s Release and Counsel to Befriend Sugriva

Devanagari script

वानरेन्द्रो महावीर्यस्तेजोवानमितप्रभः।सत्यसन्धो विनीतश्च धृतिमान्मतिमान्महान्।।।।

Transliteration

vānarendro mahāvīryas tejovān amitaprabhaḥ | satyasandho vinītaś ca dhṛtimān matimān mahān ||

Translation

Raja kera itu berdaya gagah besar—bercahaya, bersinar tanpa batas; teguh pada kebenaran, rendah hati dalam budi, tabah, bijaksana, dan sungguh agung.

Word by Word

• vānara-indraḥ: king of monkeys
• vānara-indraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—'वानराणाम् इन्द्रः'

• mahā-vīryaḥ: of great strength
• mahā-vīryaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः; विशेषण (वानरेन्द्रः)

• tejo-vān: full of splendor/valor
• tejo-vān: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (वान्)

• amita-prabhaḥ: of limitless radiance
• amita-prabhaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: amita (प्रातिपदिक) + prabhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—'अमिता प्रभा यस्य सः'

• satya-sandhaḥ: true to his vow
• satya-sandhaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: satya (प्रातिपदिक) + sandha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—'सत्ये सन्धा/प्रतिज्ञा यस्य' (truth-bound)

• vinītaḥ: humble, disciplined
• vinītaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √nī (धातु) + vinīta (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त—'well-trained, humble'

• ca: and
• ca: Samucchaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• dhṛti-mān: steadfast, patient
• dhṛti-mān: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (वान्/मान्)

• mati-mān: intelligent
• mati-mān: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त

• mahān: great
• mahān: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

Context

This king of monkeys is energetic with great strength and limitless lustre. He is humble and truthful, valiant, patient and intelligent. He is great.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva (as vānarendra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

True leadership is grounded in satya (truthfulness) and vinaya (humility), supported by patience and intelligence—virtues that make alliance morally trustworthy.

What is the narrative situation?

Kabandha recommends Sugrīva by listing his virtues to reassure Rāma that this ally is reliable.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Satyasandha—commitment to truth: the verse explicitly foregrounds truth as the foundation of Sugrīva’s character.