Valmiki Ramayana 3.52.34 — Aranya Kanda, Sarga 52, Shloka 34

सीताहरण

विलापः / The Lament at Jatāyu and the Abduction of Sītā

Devanagari script

उत्पातवाताभिहता नानाद्विजगणायुताः।माभैरिति विधूताग्रा व्याजह्रुरिव पादपाः।।।।

Transliteration

utpāta-vātābhihatā nānā-dvija-gaṇāyutāḥ |

mā bhair iti vidhūtāgrā vyājahruḥ iva pādapāḥ ||

Translation

Dihentam hembusan angin pertanda buruk, dan dipenuhi kawanan burung pelbagai jenis, pepohon—pucuknya tergoncang—seakan-akan berseru, “Jangan takut!”

Word by Word

• उत्पातवाताभिहताः: struck by a violent wind
• उत्पातवाताभिहताः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्पातवात + अभि + √हन् (धातु) (क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (utpāta-vātena abhihatāḥ), क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण to पादपाः

• नानाद्विजगणायुताः: filled with many groups of birds
• नानाद्विजगणायुताः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना + द्विजगण + आयुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (nānā-dvija-gaṇaiḥ āyutāḥ = filled with various flocks of birds), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण to पादपाः

• मा: do not
• मा: Sambodhana/Pratiṣedha-dyotaka (प्रतिषेध-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (prohibitive particle)

• भैः: fear
• भैः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भी (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपदम्, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; निषेध with मा

• इति: thus/saying
• इति: Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थ-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्य-समाप्ति-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• विधूताग्राः: with their tops shaken
• विधूताग्राः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + √धू (धातु) (क्त) + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (vidhūtāni agrāṇi yeṣām), क्त (PPP) used adjectivally; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण to पादपाः

• व्याजह्रुः: uttered/spoke out
• व्याजह्रुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + आ + √हृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• इव: as if
• इव: Upamā-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• पादपाः: trees
• पादपाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पादप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Context

The trees filled with birds of all kinds, shaken at the top by stormy winds seemed to be saying to Sita, 'Be not afraid'.

Characters & Entities

• pādapa (trees)
• dvija (birds)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as a cosmic alignment with the innocent: even nature is portrayed as consoling and testifying, implying that righteousness has support beyond human society.

What is the narrative situation?

As Sītā is taken, winds rise and the forest is disturbed; the poet personifies trees and birds as offering reassurance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s courage in fear is indirectly emphasized—she is addressed (as if) with encouragement to remain steady.