Shloka 29

अकम्पनवृत्तान्तः

Akampana Reports Janasthana; Ravana Plans Sita’s Abduction

Devanagari script

भार्या तस्योत्तमा लोके सीता नाम सुमध्यमा।श्यामा समविभक्ताङ्गी स्त्रीरत्नं रत्नभूषिता।।3.31.29।।

Transliteration

bhāryā tasyottamā loke sītā nāma sumadhyamā |

śyāmā samavibhaktāṅgī strīratnaṃ ratnabhūṣitā ||3.31.29||

Translation

Di dunia ini, isteri utamanya bernama Sita—berpinggang ramping, berkulit gelap berseri, anggota tubuh seimbang; berhias permata, permata di antara para wanita.

Word by Word

• bhāryā: wife
• bhāryā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (भार्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• uttamā: excellent
• uttamā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttama (उत्तम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; superlative sense ‘best’

• loke: in the world
• loke: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (लोक-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• sītā: Sita
• sītā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (सीता-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• nāma: by name
• nāma: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय)
• Form: नाम-शब्दः, संज्ञासूचक-अव्यय (by name)

• sumadhyamā: slender-waisted
• sumadhyamā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (सु-उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद) + madhyama (मध्यम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (सु + मध्यम); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• śyāmā: dark-complexioned/beautiful
• śyāmā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śyāma (श्याम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• samavibhakta-aṅgī: having well-proportioned limbs
• samavibhakta-aṅgī: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sama (सम-प्रातिपदिक) + vibhakta (विभक्त-प्रातिपदिक; √bhaj (भज्) क्त) + aṅginī/aṅgī (अङ्गिन्/अङ्गी-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास (समविभक्तानि अङ्गानि यस्याः सा); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• strī-ratnam: jewel among women
• strī-ratnam: Visheshya (विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (स्त्री-प्रातिपदिक) + ratna (रत्न-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (स्त्रीणां रत्नम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ratna-bhūṣitā: adorned with gems
• ratna-bhūṣitā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ratna (रत्न-प्रातिपदिक) + bhūṣita (भूषित-प्रातिपदिक; √bhūṣ (भूष्) क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘adorned’

Context

Rama has a wife in this world, by name, Sita, who is beautiful, has a slender waistand a well-formed body. Adorned with gems, she is a jewel among women,

Characters & Entities

• Sita (Vaidehi)
• Rama
• Ravana
• Akampana

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Implicitly, dharma requires protecting the sanctity of marriage and honoring a virtuous woman; the verse foreshadows the adharma of violating that boundary.

What is the narrative situation?

Akampana identifies Sita as Rama’s wife and describes her beauty, preparing Ravana’s mind for the abduction plot.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sita’s exemplary stature (uttamā, strīratna) as an idealized figure—making the coming violation morally stark.