Shloka 16

खरसेनासङ्ग्रामः

The Battle with Khara’s Host at the Hermitage

Devanagari script

ततो रामस्सुसङ्कृद्धो मण्डलीकृतकार्मुकः।ससर्ज विशिखान्बाणाञ्छतशोऽथ सहस्रश।।।।

Transliteration

tato rāmaḥ susaṅkruddho maṇḍalīkṛtakārmukaḥ |

sasarja viśikhān bāṇān śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ ||

Translation

Kemudian Rama, sangat murka, melengkungkan busurnya hingga membentuk lengkung penuh, lalu melepaskan anak-anak panah tanpa bulu—beratus-ratus, kemudian beribu-ribu.

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Kāla/krama-avyaya (क्रम) adverb

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सु-सङ्कृद्धः: greatly enraged
• सु-सङ्कृद्धः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + saṃ + krudh (धातु)
• Form: Kta PPP; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘very enraged’

• मण्डलीकृत-कार्मुकः: with bow bent/whirled
• मण्डलीकृत-कार्मुकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: maṇḍalī-kṛta (कृदन्त from kṛ धातु) + kārmuka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; Bahuvrīhi: ‘he whose bow is made into a circle’ i.e., bow bent/whirled

• ससर्ज: released
• ससर्ज: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular

• विशिखान्: unfeathered
• विशिखान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viśikha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Plural; qualifying ‘bāṇān’

• बाणान्: arrows
• बाणान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Plural

• शतशः: by hundreds
• शतशः: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śataśaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Prakāra/saṅkhyā-avyaya (प्रकार/संख्या) adverb

• अथ: then/and
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Anantarya/saṃbandha-avyaya (अनन्तर्य) particle

• सहस्रशः: by thousands
• सहस्रशः: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasraśaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Prakāra/saṅkhyā-avyaya adverb

Context

Thereafter Rama, mighty angry, bent his bow and released hundreds and thousands of unfeathered arrows.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• bow (kārmuka)
• arrows (bāṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is the rightful use of strength: a protector employs disciplined force to oppose adharma when aggression threatens the righteous.

What is the narrative situation?

As the battle escalates, Rama responds decisively, drawing his bow and unleashing a massive volley of arrows.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Valor guided by duty—Rama’s controlled martial competence in defense of righteousness.