Shloka 36

Dharma of the Renunciant: Alms Discipline, Meditation, and Expiations

Devanagari script

तस्मान्महीयते देवे स्वधाम्नि ज्ञानसंज्ञिते । आत्मयोगात्परे तत्वे महादेवस्ततः स्मृतः

Transliteration

tasmānmahīyate deve svadhāmni jñānasaṃjñite | ātmayogātpare tatve mahādevastataḥ smṛtaḥ

Translation

Oleh itu, di alam ketuhanan yang bersemayam pada diri sendiri, yang dikenali sebagai ‘Jñāna’ (Pengetahuan), Dia sangat dimuliakan. Dan kerana melalui yoga Diri Dia teguh dalam Hakikat Tertinggi, Dia dikenang sebagai Mahādeva.

Word by Word

• tasmāt: therefore, from that
• tasmāt: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Napumsaka (पुं/नपुंसक), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी) Singular (एकवचन); pronominal ablative

• mahīyate: is glorified / is magnified
• mahīyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: mah (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि प्रयोग), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Singular (एकवचन)

• deve: in the god / in Deva
• deve: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन)

• svadhāmni: in his own abode
• svadhāmni: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva + dhāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: sva-dhāman; Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन)

• jñāna-saṃjñite: called/known as knowledge
• jñāna-saṃjñite: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jñāna + saṃjñita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: jñāna-saṃjñita; Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन); agrees with 'svadhāmni'

• ātma-yogāt: from/through self-yoga
• ātma-yogāt: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman + yoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: ātma-yoga; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी) Singular (एकवचन)

• pare: in the supreme
• pare: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन); agrees with 'tatve'

• tatve: in the principle/reality
• tatve: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tattva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन)

• mahādevaḥ: Mahadeva
• mahādevaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound: mahā-deva; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)

• tataḥ: therefore, from that
• tataḥ: Hetu/Sequence (हेतु/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable adverb (ततः), causal/consecutive sense

• smṛtaḥ: is called/remembered
• smṛtaḥ: Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: smṛ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन); predicate

Speaker

Unspecified (context-dependent within Svarga-khaṇḍa 3.60)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: tasmānmahīyate = tasmāt + mahīyate (t + m); ātmayogātpare = ātma-yogāt + pare; mahādevastataḥ = mahādevaḥ + tataḥ (visarga sandhi).

Characters & Entities

• Mahādeva (Śiva)
• Jñāna
• Ātma-yoga
• Para-tattva

FAQs

Why is Śiva called Mahādeva in this verse?

Because he is described as abiding in the supreme Reality (para-tattva) through ātma-yoga, and thus is remembered as the ‘Great God’ (Mahādeva).

What is meant by ‘svadhāmni jñānasaṃjñite’?

It indicates an inner, self-established ‘abode/state’ characterized by jñāna (spiritual knowledge)—a realm or condition identified with Knowledge itself.

What spiritual practice is emphasized here?

Ātma-yoga—inner discipline/union centered on realizing the Self—by which one is established in the supreme principle (para-tattva).