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Shloka 3

The Origin of the Daṇḍaka Forest and Rāma’s Dharma-Judgment

Vulture vs. Owl

विषमं तद्वनं राजा शून्यं मृगविवर्जितं । प्रविष्टस्तप आस्थातुं कथं वद महामुने

viṣamaṃ tadvanaṃ rājā śūnyaṃ mṛgavivarjitaṃ | praviṣṭastapa āsthātuṃ kathaṃ vada mahāmune

Wahai Raja, hutan itu amat sukar—sunyi dan tanpa rusa. Bagaimana baginda memasukinya dan menegakkan tapa di sana? Wahai Mahāmuni, nyatakanlah.

विषमम्uneven, difficult
विषमम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविषम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (वनम्)
तत्that
तत्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (वनम्)
वनम्forest
वनम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन
राजाO king
राजा:
Sambodhana/Addressed (Vocative sense by context)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
शून्यम्empty
शून्यम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशून्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (वनम्)
मृगविवर्जितम्devoid of deer (animals)
मृगविवर्जितम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक) + विवर्जित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, वर्ज् धातु + वि + क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (मृगैः विवर्जितम् = devoid of deer/animals); विशेषण (वनम्)
प्रविष्टःhaving entered
प्रविष्टः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootविश् (धातु) + प्र + क्त (कृदन्त) → प्रविष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकालिक क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle used actively), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तरि अर्थे (having entered)
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
आस्थातुम्to undertake
आस्थातुम्:
Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु) + आ + तुमुन् (कृत्)
Formतुमुनन्त (Infinitive), क्रियार्थ (purpose)
कथम्how?
कथम्:
Prashna (Interrogative/प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक (how)
वदtell
वद:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन
महामुनेO great sage
महामुने:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootमहामुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् मुनिः)

Unspecified narrator/questioner addressing a sage (mahāmune) and referring to a king (rājā).

Concept: True tapas begins where comfort and social support end; the question highlights the extraordinary resolve required to enter spiritual hardship knowingly.

Application: When facing a ‘desolate’ phase—loneliness, lack of resources—treat it as a field for disciplined practice rather than despair; seek guidance from the wise.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: forest

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A rugged, silent forest stretches under a pale sky—no deer, no birds, only thorny shrubs and broken stones. In the foreground, a respectful questioner gestures toward the emptiness while a sage listens, suggesting that the land itself hides a story of austerity and wonder.","primary_figures":["a questioning noble (rājā or narrator-figure)","mahāmuni (great sage)"],"setting":"desolate forest interior with rocky ground, sparse trees, and a narrow path","lighting_mood":"overcast hush with a faint, uncanny glow","color_palette":["ash grey","dry umber","muted olive","pale sky blue","smoldering saffron"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a sage seated on a low pedestal with gold leaf halo, facing a noble questioner; behind them a stylized barren forest with sparse trees and rocky terrain, rich reds/greens in garments, ornate jewelry, and gold embellishment contrasting the desolation.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: delicate rendering of a quiet, deerless forest—thin trees, rocky slopes, subdued palette; a small pair of figures (sage and questioner) in the lower corner, emphasizing vast emptiness and contemplative narrative space.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: patterned barren grove with bold outlines; the sage’s calm face and the questioner’s earnest posture dominate, with earthy pigments and rhythmic rock motifs conveying ‘viṣama vana’.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: narrative panel framed by floral borders; the forest rendered as stylized motifs with minimal fauna, deep blues and gold accents reserved for the sage’s aura, emphasizing sacred mystery in an otherwise empty landscape."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["dry wind","occasional rustle","distant silence","low drone"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तद्वनं → तत् + वनम्; मृगविवर्जितं → मृग + विवर्जितम् (समास); प्रविष्टस्तप → प्रविष्टः + तपः; महामुने is vocative of महामुनि

FAQs

It describes a harsh, empty forest and asks how a certain person managed to enter it and begin austerities there.

Tapas is portrayed as something undertaken even in difficult, inhospitable places, emphasizing endurance and resolve.

It highlights determination in spiritual practice—choosing discipline despite fear, discomfort, or isolation.